摘要近年来当人们享受着经济高速发展所带来的红利的同时,环境污染问题也深深的烙印在人民大众的心里。每年关于雾霾的讨论不绝于耳,从国家到个人都开始在思考如何解决空气环境的污染。诸如源头治理,关停整改高污染高消耗工厂沙漠绿化,绿色出行等等。在我们平日的生活中,除了留心加强自身环保意识,我们也格外关注当前环境下的空气状况,比如是否需要戴口罩,是否适宜户外运动等等,而手机上各种天气预报无法做到对我们当前小范围的空气监测。因此拥有一个方便简洁的能够快速检测当前空气质量的仪器显得很必要。本课题研究如何检测当前小范围空间中空气所含灰尘含量,实时显示当前空气中灰尘浓度,并设置报警值,形成一个集监测,报警的小系统。该系统可以给人们的出行,室内外活动提供空气状况的直观数据,便于使用者做出判断。关键词:PM2.5、单片机、液晶显示、传感器技术、PCBABSTRACTInrecentyears,whenpeopleenjoytherapideconomicdevelopmentbroughtaboutbythedividend,whiletheenvironmentalpollutionproblemisalsodeeplyimprintedintheheartsofthepeople.Everyyearonthehazeofdiscussion,fromthecountrytotheindividualarebeginningtothinkabouthowtosolvetheairpollution.Suchasthesourceofgovernance,shutdowntherectificationofhighpollutionandhighconsumptionoffactories,desertgreening,promotethepracticeoflow-carbonenvironmentaltravel,etc..Inourdailylife,inadditiontostrengthentheirawarenessofenvironmentalprotection,wealsopayspecialattentiontothecurrentsituationofairenvironment,suchaswhethertowearamask,issuitableforoutdoorsportsandsoon,andallkindsofmobilephoneweatherforecastingcannotdoairmonitoringonourcurrentsmallrange.Therefore,itisnecessarytohaveasimpleandconvenientinstrumentwhichcanquicklydetectthecurrentairquality.Thispaperstudieshowtodetectthedustcontentoftheairinthesmallspace,anddisplaystheconcentrationofdustintheair,andsetsthealarmvalue.Thesystemcanprovidepeoplewithtravel,indoorandoutdooractivitiestoprovideintuitivedataontheaircondition,easyforuserstomakejudgments.Keywords:PM2.5、MCU、LCD、sensortechnology、PCB目录1绪论………………………………………………………………………………11.1灰尘检测的发展状况……………………………………………………11.2课题研究的意义……………………………………………………………11.3课题研究的内容……………………………………………………………22设计思路与主要部件…………………………………………………22.1总体设计思路…………………………………………………………22.2主要元器件的选择………………………………………………………22.2.1单片机………………………………………………………………22.2.2ADC0832……………………………………………………………32.2.1灰尘传感器……………………………………………………………42.2.1LCD1602……………………………………………………………53硬件电路设计……………………………………………………………63.1报警电路………………………………………………………………63.2按键电路………………………………………………………………73.3传感器连接电路………………………………………………………73.4液晶显示电路…………………………………………………………83.5电路板的制作………………………………………………………84仪器盒体设计……………………………………………………………94.1材料选择………………………………………………………………94.2结构设计………………………………………………………………105软件设计……………………………………………………………………125.1STC51开发环境及调试工具……………………………………………125.2程序设计…………………………………………………………………135.2.1程序设计结构…………………...