摘要十九大报告指出,建设一个强大的教育国家是中华民族伟大复兴的根本性工程。要求必须把教育事业放在优先位置,加快教育现代化改革,办好人民满意的教育。这足以说明学前教育是学校教育和终身教育的奠基阶段,是国民教育体系的重要组成部分,发展学前教育刻不容缓。当前我国河北省的农村学前教育发展较落后,因此,本文以理论分析和数据分析为主,首先对本文的背景及意义、国内外研究动态、研究内容与方法进行了介绍;其次以蒙台梭利和陈鹤琴学前教育理论为依据,为我国学前教育发展提供方向;再次以我国河北省农村学前教育的现状及幼儿园“小学化”倾向、贫困家庭幼儿受教育机会不公平、留守儿童身心发展不健全、农村学前教育的发展受阻等问题为切入点;从而分析了我国河北省农村学前教育的问题产生的各种原因;最后针对现状及问题,探讨出了政府应加强教育教学改革,完善财政资金分配方式,对留守儿童提供政策与情感支持,加强对农村学前教育的重视程度等解决对策。切实推动学前教育的进步,促进我国河北省农村学前教育的不断发展,提高国民教育整体素质。关键词:十九大报告;河北省;农村学前教育;教育改革AbstractThereportofthe19thNationalCongresspointedoutthatbuildingastrongeducationalcountryisafundamentalprojectforthegreatrejuvenationoftheChinesenation.Itisnecessarytoplaceeducationinapriorityposition,speedupthemodernizationofeducation,andruneducationthatthepeoplearesatisfiedwith.Thisshowsthatpreschooleducationisthefoundationalstageofschooleducationandlifelongeducationandanimportantpartofthenationaleducationsystem.Thedevelopmentofpreschooleducationcannotbedelayed.Atpresent,ruralpreschooleducationinHebeiProvinceislaggingbehind.Therefore,thispaperfocusesontheoreticalanalysisanddataanalysis.First,thebackgroundandsignificanceofthisarticle,domesticandinternationalresearchtrends,researchcontentsandmethodsareintroduced;followedbyMontessoriandChenHeqin.Basedonpreschooleducationtheory,itprovidesadirectionforthedevelopmentofpreschooleducationinourcountry;onceagain,thepresentsituationofruralpreschooleducationinHebeiProvinceinChinaandthetendencyofkindergartenstobe“primaryschool”,unfaireducationopportunitiesforpoorfamiliesandchildren,incompletephysicalandmentaldevelopmentofleft-behindchildren,ruralpreschoolProblemssuchastheimpedimenttothedevelopmentofeducationarethestartingpoint;thusanalyzingvariouscausesofruralpreschooleducationinHebeiProvinceinChina.Finally,aimingatthestatusquoandproblems,thegovernmentshouldstrengtheneducationandteachingreformandimprovethedistributionoffinancialfunds.Left-behindchildrenprovidepoliciesandemotionalsupport,andstrengthentheemphasisonruralpreschooleducation.Effectivelypromotetheadvancementofpreschooleducation,promotethecontinuousdevelopmentofruralpreschooleducationinHebeiProvince,andimprovetheoverallqualityofnationaleducation.Keywords:nineteenthcongressreport;Hebeiprovince;ruralpreschooleducation;educationalreform目录摘要IAbstractII第1章绪论11.1选题背景及研究意义11.2国内外研究现状21.2.1国内研究现状21.2.2国外研究现状31.3研究内容与方法41.3.1本文的研究内容41.3.2本文的研究方法4第2章学前教育的理论概述52.1陈鹤琴“活教育”理论52.1.1陈鹤琴“活教育”理论的概况52.1.2陈鹤琴“活教育”理论的主旨52.2蒙台梭利教学理论62.2.1蒙台梭利教学理论的概况62.2.2蒙台梭利教学理论的主旨62.3本章小结7第3章河北省农村学前教育的现状83.1河北省农村学前教育的概况83.1.1师资力量情况83.1.2家庭与政府财政分担状况83.1.3农村留守学前儿童情形93.1.4硬件设施条件103.2河北省农村学前教育存在的主要问题103.2.1幼儿园“小学化”倾向严重103.2.2经济困难家庭幼儿受教育机会不公平113.2.3...