吉利与上汽跨国并购案例对比分析研究 工商管理专业VIP专享VIP免费

摘要改革开放以来，随着中国快速的发展，我国在国际上的大国形象得到越来越多国家的认可。如今，在“一带一路”新时期背景下，我国有意向跨国并购的企业面临着千载难逢的机遇。但与此同时，许多挑战也是接踵而至。尤其近几年，我国企业在国际上跨国并购的数量逐渐增多，但最终并购成功的企业却为数不多。影响并购成功的因素非常多，但其中哪些才是目前我国企业在并购中所最需要关注的，是现在许多学者所要研究探讨的重点。而集资本与技术为一体的汽车行业，是当下国家所重点关注的产业之一。毫不夸张的说，汽车企业跨国并购的成功与否极大地影响了我国汽车产业发展的自主化，国际化。吉利，一家民营汽车企业，全资收购了沃尔沃百分百股权，完成了被称为“以小博大”的跨国并购，震惊了整个汽车行业。而且，吉利在后续整合过程的表现，也是十分出色，这值得中国汽车企业去学习与借鉴。而作为国营的上汽，“走向国际化”一直是它的战略构想。因此，上汽在2004年完成了对韩国双龙车企的收购，这成为了国内汽车企业跨国并购的首例。但是，由于上汽在整个并购过程中处理问题的方式不当，导致了最终并购的失败，这也给中国的汽车企业带来了警示。本文通过对同一行业（汽车行业）的两个跨国并购企业的并购背景、并购对象、并购动因、并购过程以及整合过程进行对比分析，然后得出影响汽车企业跨国并购成功的主要因素，提出一些基于这些因素的可行性建议或意见。关键词：吉利上汽跨国并购成功因素AbstractSincethereformandopeningup,withtherapiddevelopmentofChina,China’simageofabigcountryintheworldhasbeenrecognizedbymoreandmorecountries.Today,inthecontextoftheneweraofthe“OneBeltandOneRoad,”China’senterprisesthatareinterestedintransnationalmergersandacquisitionsarefacingagoldenopportunity.Butatthesametime,manychallengeshavefollowed.Inrecentyears,thenumberofChineseenterprisesininternationalcross-bordermergersandacquisitionshasgraduallyincreased,buttherearefewcompaniesthathavesucceededinfinalmergersandacquisitions.Therearemanyfactorsthataffectthesuccessofmergersandacquisitions,butwhichofthemisthemostimportantconcernforChinesecompaniesinmergersandacquisitionsisthefocusofmanyscholarstostudy.Theautomotiveindustry,whichintegratescapitalandtechnology,isoneoftheindustriesthatthecountryiscurrentlyfocusingon.Itisnoexaggerationtosaythatthesuccessofcross-bordermergersandacquisitionsbyautocompanieshasgreatlyaffectedtheautonomyandinternationalizationofChina'sautoindustry.Geely,aprivately-ownedautomotivecompany,whollyacquired100%ofVolvo’sequityandcompletedacross-bordermergerandacquisitionknownas“LittleBoda”,shockingtheentireautomotiveindustry.Moreover,Geely'sperformanceinthesubsequentintegrationprocessisalsoverygood,whichisworthlearningandlearningfromChineseautocompanies.Asthestate-ownedSAICMotor,"towardsinternationalization"hasalwaysbeenitsstrategicconcept.Therefore,SAICcompletedtheacquisitionofSsangyongMotorsinSouthKoreain2004,whichbecamethefirstcaseofcross-bordermergersandacquisitionsbydomesticautocompanies.However,duetotheimpropermannerinwhichSAIChandledproblemsduringtheentireM&Aprocess,itledtothefailureofthefinalM&A,whichalsobroughtwarningstoChineseautocompanies.Thisarticlecomparesandanalyzesthebackgroundsofmergersandacquisitions,mergersandacquisitions,mergerandacquisitionmotives,mergersandacquisitions,andintegrationprocessesoftwocross-borderM&Acompaniesinthesameindustry(automotiveindustry),andthenconcludesthatthemainfactorsaffectingthesuccessofautocompanies'cross-bordermergersandacquisitionsarebasedonsomesuggestions.Feasibilityadviceoradviceonthesefactors.Keywords:GeelySAICtransnationalmergeran...