....下载可编辑..非谓语动词语法讲解一、非谓语动词的概念动词的基本用法是作谓语。当句中已经有了谓语动词了，要选或要填的动词就只能用非谓语形式了。非谓语形式有三种：1、动词不定式：todo2、动词的ing:doing3、动词的过去分词：done★不定式：表示目的和将来；动词的ing：表示主动和进行；过去分词：表示被动和完成。二、非谓语动词的时态和语态一般式完成式进行式不定式主动todotohavedonetobedoing被动tobedonetohavebeendoneing形式主动doinghavingdone被动beingdonehavingbeendone过去分词被动done三．非谓语动词的句法功能：（一）动词不定式：to+do1．不定式的否定式：not+todo（1）一般式：不定式的一般式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生I'mgladtomeetyou.Heseemstoknowalot.（2）进行式：不定式的动作正在发生Theboypretendedtobeworkinghard.Heseemstobereadinginhisroom.（3）完成式：不定式的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前Iregrettedtohavetoldalie.....下载可编辑..Ihappenedtohaveseenthefilm.2．不定式的句法功能：（1）作主语：Tofinishtheworkintenminutesisveryhard.★动词不定式短语作主语时，常用it作形式主语，真正的主语不定式置于句后Itisveryhardtofinishtheworkintenminutes.Itmeansfailuretoloseyourheart.（2）作表语：Herjobistocleanthehall.Heappearstohavecaughtacold.（3）作宾语：常与不定式做宾语连用的动词有：want,hope,wish,offer,fail,plan,learn,pretend,refuse,manage,help,agree,promise,prefer。★it作形式宾语，真正的宾语（不定式）后置MarxfounditimportanttostudythesituationinRussia.（4）作宾语补足语：Withalotofworktodo,hedidn'tgotothecinema．有些动词如make,let,see,watch,hear,feel,have等与不带有to的不定式连用，但改为被动语态时，不定式要加toIsawhimcrosstheroad.Hewasseentocrosstheroad.（5）作定语：动词不定式作定语，放在所修饰的名词或代词后。Ihaveameetingtoattend.Hefoundagoodhousetolivein.（6）作状语：①表目的：Heworkeddayandnighttogetthemoney.....下载可编辑..②表结果：Hearrivedlatetofindthetraingone.常用only放在不定式前表示强调：Ivisitedhimonlytofindhimout.③表原因：Theywereverysadtohearthenews.（7）作独立成分：totellyouthetruth,tobehonest,generallyspeakingTotellyouthetruth,Idon'tlikethewayhetalked.（二）Ving1．否定式：not+Ving（1）一般式：Seeingisbelieving.眼见为实。（2）被动式：Hecametothepartywithoutbeinginvited．他未被邀请就来到了晚会。（3）完成式：Werememberedhavingseenthefilm.我们记得看过这部电影。（4）完成被动式：HeforgothavingbeentakentoGuangzhouwhenhewasfiveyearsold.他忘记五岁时曾被带到广州去过。（5）否定式：not+VingIregretnotfollowinghisadvice.我后悔没听他的劝告。2．Ving的句法功能：（1）作主语：Readingaloudisveryhelpful.朗读是很有好处的。当动名词短语作主语时常用it作形式主语。It'snousequarrelling.争吵是没用的。（2）作表语：Intheantcity,thequeen'sjobislayingeggs.....下载可编辑..在蚂蚁王国，蚁后的工作是产卵。（3）作宾语：Theyhaven'tfinishedbuildingthedam.他们还没有建好大坝。Wehavetopreventtheairfrombeingpolluted.我们必须阻止空气被污染。★形式宾语itWefounditnogoodmakingfunofothers.我们发现取笑他人不好。要记住如下动词及短语只跟动名词作宾语：enjoy,finish,suggest,avoid（避免）,excuse,delay,imagine,keep,miss,consider,admit（承认），deny（否认）,mind,permit,forbid,practise,risk（冒险）,appreciate（感激）,bebusy,beworth,feellike,can'tstand,can'thelp（情不自禁地）,thinkof,dreamof,befondof,prevent⋯(from),keep⋯from,stop⋯（from）,protect⋯from,setabout,beengagedin,spend⋯(in),succeedin,beusedto,lookforwardto,objectto,payattentionto,insiston,feellike（4）作定语：Hecan'twalkwithoutawalking-stick.他没有拐杖不能走路。Isthereaswim...
