《有机化学基础》检测题（一）相对原子质量:H-1C-12N-14O-16一、选择题(每题仅有一个选项符合题意，请将选项填写到答案卷上)1.有机化学主要研究有机化合物所发生的反应，下列化合物中不是有机物的是····()A.CO2B.C2H6C.HCHOD.CH3OH2.自然界中化合物的种类最多的是···············································································()A.无机化合物B.有机化合物C.铁的化合物D.碳水化合物3.下列关于有机化学发展史的说法错误的是·······························································()A.中国科学家成功合成了结晶牛胰岛素，标志着人类合成蛋白质时代的开始B.德国化学家李比希提出运用同位素示踪法研究化学反应历程C.瑞典科学家贝采利乌斯提出有机化学的概念，使之成为化学的一个重要分支D.德国化学家维勒用氰酸铵合成尿素，从而打破了无机物和有机物的界限4.某烃的结构简式为CH3CH2CHCCCHCH2CH3，分子中含有四面体结构的碳原子数为a，在同一条直线上的碳原子数最多为b，一定在同一平面内的碳原子数为c，则a、b、c分别是·················································································································()A.4、3、5B.2、5、4C.4、3、6D.4、6、45.被成为“脑黄金”的DHA是一种高级脂肪酸，它的分子中含6个碳碳双键，学名为二十六碳六烯酸，它的分子组成应是··············································································()A.C25H51COOHB.C25H39COOHC.C26H43COOHD.C26H47COOH6.有机物分子CHCHCCCH3CH3中最多有多少个原子共面··········()A.12B.16C.20D.247.下列物质中，碳的质量分数相同的是·········································································()A.CH4、C2H6B.HCHO、C6H12O6C.CH3CH2OH、CH3COOHD.、CH38.已知乙烯分子呈现平面结构且碳碳双键(C＝C)不能旋转，因此1,2-二氯乙烯可以形成CCClClHH和CCClClHH两种不同的空间异构体。下列各物质中，能形成类似上述两种空间异构体的是········································································································()A.CH2＝CCl2B.CH3CH＝CH2C.CH3CH2CH＝CH2D.CH3CH＝CHCH39.具有解热镇痛及抗生素作用的药物“芬必得”主要成分的结构简式为CH2CHCOOHCHCH3CH3CH3，它属于·························································()①芳香族化合物；②脂肪族化合物；③有机羧酸；④有机高分子；⑤芳香烃A.③⑤B.②③C.①③D.①④10.由C5H10、C3H6O2和C6H12O6组成的混合物，经测定含氧元素的质量分数为x，则此混合物中含碳元素的质量分数为····················································································()A.7)1(6xB.71xC.43xD.无法计算11.有机物CH3CH2COOCH3在1H-NMR谱图中的谱峰数和一氯代物的数目分别是()A.3、2B.2、2C.2、3D.3、312.某同学写出下列烷烃的名称中，正确的是·······························································()A.3,3-二甲基丁烷B.2,2-二甲基丁烷C.2–乙基丁烷D.2,3,3–三甲基丁烷13.向平衡CH3COOH+HOCH2CH3CH3COOCH2CH3+H2O浓H2SO4中加入CH3CH218OH，则平...
