GrammarGrammarReadthesentencesandunderlinethev-edforms.1.Encouragedgreatly,theyworkedevenharder.2.Givenbetterattention,theseflowerscouldhavegrownbetter.Rewritethesentences,beginningwiththewordsgiveninbrackets.1)Spokenbyfewerandfewerpeoplethesedays,theNaxilanguagemaydisappearinthefuture.(because)Becauseitisspokenbyfewerandfewerpeoplethesedays,theNaxilanguagemaydisappear.2)Seenfromabove,theoldtownisamazeofcanals,littlebridgesandtinystreets.(when)Whenitisseenfromabove,theoldtownisamazeofcanals,littlebridgesandtinystreets.3)Passedfromfathertoson,themusichasnotchangedformanyyears.(because)Becauseitispassedfromfathertoson,themusichasnotchangedformanyyears.Summary:thefunctionsofv-edformasadverbials.过去分词(pastparticiples)或过去分词短语(pastparticipialphrases)作状语是英语中常见的语言现象，可表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。(1)作时间状语。如：Seenfromthetopofthehill,ourschoollooksbeautiful.从山顶上看，我们学校看起来很美。Heated,liquidscanbechangedintogases.液体被加热会变成气体。如:Discussedmanytimes,theproblemsweresettledatlast.在讨论了多次之后,问题终于解决了。Seenfromthehill,theparklooksverybeautiful.从山上看这个公园非常漂亮。相当于when引导的状语从句.如果两个动作同时发生,可在分词前用when,while等使其时间意义更明确水加热到100度就沸腾。(whenitis)1.Waterboils,heatedto100°C.2.Whenshotintheleg,hecontinuedtofirebackwithhisgun.(hewas)当他的腿被击中时他仍然用枪还击。(2)作原因状语。如:Attractedbythebeautyofnature,thegirlfromLondondecidedtospendanothertwodaysonthefarm.被自然美迷住了，来自伦敦的那个姑娘决定在农场再呆两天。Broughtupinthecountryside,hewasinterestedinbiology.由于在农村出生并长大,他对生物很感兴趣。相当于as,since,because引导的从句,这类状语多放在句子前半部分。因为被眼镜蛇咬了，这人处在危险中。(As/Becauseithasbeen)(Becausehewas)由于飓风的破坏，那座老房子哪也找不到。1.______________________Destroyedbythehurricane,theoldhouseisnowheretobefound.2.Bittenbythesnake,themanwasindanger.(3)作条件状语。如：Givenanotherchance,hewilldobetter.再给他一次机会，他会做得更好。Growninrichsoil,theseseedscangrowfast.如果种在肥沃的土壤里,这些种子能长得很快。相当于if,unless引导的从句。1。___________Punishedbytheparents,hewon’tcomeagain.(Ifheis)他若是被家长惩罚了，就再也不能来了。2._____________Givenmoretimeandmoney,wewouldhavedonetheworkbetter.如果当时给更多的时间和金钱，我们会做得更好。Ifwehadbeen(4)作让步状语。如：Laughedatbymanypeople,hecontinuedhisstudy.尽管被许多人嘲笑,他还是继续他的研究。Beatenbytheoppositeteam,theplayerswerenotdiscouraged.相当于though,although引导的从句。1.Tired,hewentonworking.(Althoughhewas)虽然他很疲倦，他仍然继续工作。2.__________________Laughedatbyotherboys,hestillcontinuedtocompleteit.尽管遭到其他男孩的嘲笑，他仍然坚持完成了那件事。(Althoughhewas)(5)表方式或伴随情况。如：Followedbysomeofficials,Napoleoninspectedhisarmy.被一些官员跟随着,拿破仑视察了他的军队。Hestoodtheresilently,movedtotears.他静静地站在那里,被感动得热泪盈眶。作状语表示方式或伴随情况时,过去分词可用并列句代替，如:Thehunterlefthishouse,followedbyhisdog.(=Hewasfollowedbythedog.)2.__________Absorbedinthework,heneglectedfoodandsleep.(Hewas)她走出房间，后面跟着他的小女儿。1.Shewalkedoutofthehouse,______________followedbyherlittledaughter.他专心于工作，废寝忘食。(andshewas)and注意(1)过去分词作状语，其逻辑主语须与句子的主语保持一致，它们之间存在着被动关系。如：Givenbetterattention,thetreescouldgro...
