2014新版八年级英语下册第1-----第10单元知识点总结Unit1What’sthematter?一、基础知识1.What’sthematter?怎么啦?出什么事情了?【解析】matter/'mætə(r))/n.问题;事情What’sthematterwithyou?=What’sthetroublewithyou?=What’swrongwithyou?你怎么了?【注】:matter和trouble为名词,其前可加the或形容词性物主代词,wrong是adj.不能加the【用法】用于询问某人有什么病或某人遇到什么麻烦、问题其后跟询问对象时,与介词with连用。即:What’sthematterwithsb.?=What’syourtrouble?=What’sup?=Whathappenstosb.?—What’sthematterwithyou?—Ihaveabadcold.2.Ihadacold.我感冒了。haveacold=catchacold=havetheflu感冒haveafever发烧haveacough咳嗽haveastomachache胃疼,肚子疼haveatoothache牙疼haveaheadache头疼3.身体部位+ache(疼痛)构成新的复合词stomach+ache=stomachachehead+ache=headachetooth+ache=toothacheback+ache=backache后背痛4.muchtoo+形容词,意为太......,toomuch+名词,意为很多,大量。5.enough【形容、副词】足够的/地,enough放在名前后,形副后。goodenough足够好,enoughmoney=muchmoney6.liedown躺下,lie躺,躺着,过去式lay;lie说谎,过去式lied7.maybe“或许”,常用于句首,表示可能性,后加句子。Maybeyouareright.maybe,是情态动词+be的结构,意为“可能,也许”,后加名词、代词或形容词。Hemaybeangry.soundlike+名词代词和从句:Itsoundslikeyoudon’tknowthetruth.Itsoundslikeagoodidea.sound+形容词,“听起来,好像”,Themusicsoundsnice.9.need需要,实义动词need+名词,需要某物;needtodosth.需要做某事,主语通常是人,表示人主动的动作:Youneedtolistencarefullyduringclass.needdoingsth.主语通常是物,表示被动的动作:Yourdirtyclothesneedwashing.10.getoff(thebus)下(公交车)geton上车11.agree同意,赞同;agreewithsth.同意某事如:Iagreewiththatidea.agreetosb.同意某人的意见如:IagreetoLiLei.12.trouble问题,麻烦;beintrouble遇到麻烦,maketrouble制造麻烦,havetrouble(in)doingsth.=havedifficulties(in)doingsth做......有麻烦。13.rightaway=rightnow=atonce,意为马上。14.advice[不可数名词]劝告,建议,向…征求意见,givesb.adviceonsth.就某事给某人建议;advise[动词]advisesb.todosth.建议某人做某事advisesb.doingsth.【复习】exercise练习、锻炼当exercise意为“练习”时,为可数名词即可加s当exercise意为“锻炼”时,为不可数名词即不加s16.hurt及物动词,使……疼痛,……受伤,Hehurthislegwhileexercising.不及物动词,……(部位)疼。Hisleghurtbadly.clean【动词】打扫,cleantheclassroom打扫教室,【形容词】干净的,cleaner意为清洁工。18.hit(用手或器具)打;击打Theboyhitthedogwithastone.hitsb.onthehead/nose/back打某人的头、鼻子、后背,on用在所打较硬的部位;hitsb.intheface/eye/stomach打某人的脸、眼睛、肚子,in用在所打较软的部位。beusedtosth./doingsth.习惯于、适应了……、做某事,强调状态;Hisgrandpawasusedtocountrylife.Maryisnotusedtogettingupearlyinthemorning.get/becomeusedtosth./doingsth.“变得习惯,逐渐适应……”强调过程、动作:It’sdifficultforonetogetusedtoanothercountry’shabit.120.【复习】free[形容词]空闲的freetime;免费的thedrinkisforfree;自由的Iwanttobecomeafreebird.free【动词】使……解脱,得到自由:Hecouldnotfreehisarm.runout用完,用尽Whenhiswaterrunout,heknewthathewouldhavetodosomethingtosavehisownlife.物sth.runout.某物用尽了。人sb.runoutofsth.人用尽了某物。Herunoutofallhismoneylastnight.22.risk(sb.)todosth.冒险去做某事takearisk=takerisks冒险23.theimportanceof(doing)sth.(做)某事的重要性Westudentsshouldknowtheimportanceof(learning)English.importancen.重要(性),importantadj.重要的,unimportantadj.不重要的decision【名词】决定;抉择;makeadecision做决定;m...