语法讲解一倒装句一.概念:英语句子通常有两种语序:一种主语在前,谓语在后,称为自然语序,另一种谓语在前,主语在后,称为倒装语序。二.相关知识点精讲按“主语+谓语”这种顺序排列的句子是陈述语序。如果排列顺序变为“谓语（或谓语一部分）+主语”，就是倒装。倒装句分为：完全倒装：整个谓语移至主语前面叫完全倒装。部分倒装：只把助动词、系动词或情态动词放在主语之前叫部分倒装。完全倒装：1.当以there,here,out,in,up,down,away等副词开头的句子，或now,then,just,often表示时间的副词放在句首，或表地点状语的介词短语放在句首，为了起到强调的作用，可构成倒装句。主语和谓语位置调换，不加助动词。Ourteachercamein.Incameourteacher.Hereitis.Awayhewent.Herecomesthebus.Outrushedtheboys.Thencame8yearsoftheAntiJapaneseWar.Underabigtree________,halfasleep.A.didsatafatmanB.afatmansatC.didafatmansatD.satafatman这种倒装要求：主语必须是名词。主语是人称代词时，则不倒装。时态一般只用一般现在时和一般过去时。动词常是不及物动词lie,stand,rush,come,sit,fly等。(2010陕西)Johnopenedthedoor.There____hehadneverseenbefore.A.agirldidstandB.agirlstoodC.didagirlstandD.stoodagirl2.there放在句首时，要用倒装句式。在“there+be”结构中的谓语动词有时不用be,而用表示类似“存在”观念的其他不及物动词。如：live,stand,come,lie,flow,enter,rise和appear等。Therecameshoutsforhelpfromtheriver.Thereliesalargewheatfieldinfrontofthehouse.Manyyearsagotherelivedanoldmaninthewoodenhouse.Infrontofthetowerflewsastream..(2010江苏)—Iseveryonehere?—Notyet…Look,there____therestofourguests!A.comeB.comesC.iscomingD.arecoming(2010重庆)AtthemeetingplaceoftheYangtzeRiverandtheJialinRiver_____,oneofthetenlargestcitiesinChina.A.liesChongqingB.ChongqingliesC.doeslieChongqingD.doesChongqinglie(2010福建)Foramomentnothinghappened.Then_____allshoutingtogether.A.voiceshadcomeB.camevoicesC.voiceswouldcomeD.didvoicescome部分倒装1.so+be/have/助动词/情态动词+主语，表示…也是如此neither/nor+be/have/助动词/情态动词+主语，表示…也不这样。表示两人的同样一个情况时，只能表示一件事，即上、下句所使用的动词、时态要一致。否则要用soitiswith…Youcanrideabike.SocanI.HehasbeentoBeijing.SohaveI.Thefirstoneisn’tgood,neitheristhesecond.Hisuncleisaworkerandhasbeenworkinginthefactoryformorethantenyears.Soitiswithhisaunt.2.so+形容词/副词that的结构状语从句可以用正常语序表示，也可以把so+形容词/副词放于句首构成倒装。句型如下：so+形容词/副词+be/助动词/情态动词that+从句。such做表语放在句首时。Suchwasthefact/case.Suchwashisexcitementthatheshouted.Lighttravelssofastthatitisdifficultforustoimagineitsspeed.=Sofastdoeslighttravelthatitisdifficultforustoimagineitsspeed.Soeasywastheworkthattheyfinisheditinafewdays.3.gone做形容词在句中做表语时，常把表语放在句首，要用倒装句式。GoneforeverarethedayswhentheChinesepeoplehadtouseforeignoil.4.否定副词not,never,seldom,nowhere,little,rarely放于句首时要用倒装句式。Weseldomgetupatfourinthemorning.=Seldomdowegetupatfourinthemorning.Notasinglewordfromhimcouldtheenemydrag.RarelyhaveIheardofsuchasillything.(2011福建)—It’snice.Neverbefore____suchaspecialdrink!—I’mgladyoulikeit.A.IhavehadB.IhadC.haveIhadD.hadI5.hardly…when;scarcely…when…;nosooner…than…可以用正常语序hadhardlydonewhen…did或用倒装句式Hardlyhad+主语+donewhen…did句式。hardly所在的句子用过去完成时。Thebellhardlyhadrungwhentheclassbegan.=Hardlyhadthebellrungwhentheclassbegan.NosoonerhadhearrivedinBeijingthanhebegantowork.6.notonly…butalso如连接两个成分时，不用倒装；连接句子时，前面的句子要用倒装。以neiith...
