直接引语和间接引语一.人称变化直接引语是第一人称------间接间引语变为第三人称第二人称------第三人称或第一人称第三人称不作改变Tomsays:“Isometimesgetuplate.”--Tomsaysthathesometimesgetsuplate.Mothersaidtome:“youlooksohappy”.--MothertoldmethatIlookedsohappy.Itoldhim:“Theyareathome”.--Itoldhimthattheywereathome.二.时态变化一般现在时------一般过去时现在进行时------过去进行时一般将来时------过去将来时现在完成时------过去完成时现在完成进行时------过去完成进行时过去完成时------过去完成时过去完成进行时------过去完成进行时一般过去时------过去完成时Jacksaid:“Idon’tlikespicyfood”.---Jacksaid(that)hedidn’tlikespicyfood.Itoldhim:“Thebabyissleeping.”---Itoldhim（that）thebabywassleeping.Hesaid:“Volunteerswillcomesoon.”---Hesaid(that)volunteerswouldcomesoon.Weasked:“Whocleanedtheroom？”---Weaskedwhohadcleanedtheroom.Weasked:“Whohasfinishedthework?”---Weaskedwhohadfinishedthework.Jacksaid:“Wehadlearned500newwords.”---Jacksaidtheyhadlearned500newwords.Teachersaid:“Studentshave/hadbeenhelpingtheorphanfor3yrs.”---Teachersaidthatstudentshadbeenhelpingtheorphanfor3yrs.三.指示代词，时间状语，地点状语，方向性动词，情态动词指示代词this---thatthese---thosenow---thentoday---thatdaythisevening---thateveningyesterday---thedaybefore/thepreviousdayyesterdaymorning---themorningbeforelastnight---thenightbeforetwodaysago---twodaysbeforenextweek---thenextweek/thefollowingweektomorrow---thenextday/thefollowingdaythedayaftertomorrow---twodaysafter----intwodays’timehere---therebring---takecome---gocan---couldmust---hadto/mustwill---wouldshall---shouldmay---mightTeachersaidtome:“Pleaseopenthedoor.”--Teacheraskedmetoopenthedoor.nottoopenthedoor.4.感叹句变为间接引语时可用what或how引导，也可用that四.各种句式的转换1.陈述句陈述句转化为间接引语时，用that引导，也可省略that主句引述动词主要为：say,tell,repeat,answer,reply,explain,announce,think等2.疑问句直接引语疑问句转化为间接引语时，间接引语从句用陈述句语序，句末用句号。主句引述动词是say时，要改为ask，wonder，don’tknow，wanttoknow，benotsure，bepuzzled等如直接引语是一般疑问句，转换为由if或whether引导的陈述句如直接引语是特殊疑问句，转换为由原特殊疑问词加陈述句Jimsaid:“Whatdidheseelastnight?”---Jimaskedwhathehadseenlastnight.Heaskedme:“CanyouspeakEnglish?”---HeaskedmeifIcouldspeakEnglish.Sheaskedme:“Doyoulikeapplesorpears?”---SheaskedwhetherIlikedapplesorpears.3.祈使句：祈使句变为间接引语时，要将祈使句中的谓语动词变成不定式作宾补。主句动词say要改为ask，tell，order，beg，warn，advise，否定句要在todo前加not。
