南京市公开课阅读理解微观解题技巧(一)VIP专享VIP免费

阅读理解微观解题技巧（一）技巧一细节理解题【水平诊断】Winnersaregreatatovercomingproblems.Forexample,ifyouwerelatebecauseyourcarbrokedown,maybeyouneedtohaveyourcarexaminedmoreregularly.Or,youmightstarttocarryalongwithyoutheusefulphonenumbers,soyoucouldcallforhelpwheninneed.Foranotherexample,ifyourcolleaguecausesyouproblemsonthejobforlackofresponsibilityorability,findwaysofdealingwithhisirresponsibilityorinabilityratherthansimplyblametheperson.Asktoworkwithadifferentperson,ordon’trelyonthisperson.Youshouldacceptthatthepersonisnotreliableandfindcreativewaystoworksuccessfullyregardlessofhowyourcolleaguefailstodohisjobwell.Whenyourcolleaguebringsaboutaproblem,youshould______.A.findabetterwaytohandletheproblemB.blamehimforhislackofresponsibilityC.tellhimtofindthecauseoftheproblemD.askamoreablecolleagueforhelp【诊断指导】细节理解题在阅读理解题中占有很大比例，主要考查学生对于阅读材料中的某一具体事实或细节的理解。有些细节理解题可以直接从文中找到答案，有些则需要在理解的基础上将有关的信息进行甄别、筛选后才能得出正确答案。【题干表现形式】1.Fromthepassageweknowthat______.2.Inthepassage,theauthorstatesthat______.3.ThewritermentionsalloftheitemslistedbelowExcept______.4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?5.Whichofthefollowingstatementsiscorrectaccordingtothepassage?6.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisnotmentionedinthethirdparagraph?【解题方法】1.对于直接或间接细节题，可以采用三步解题原则。1）关键词筛选。2）利用查读（Scanning）技巧查找相关信息。3）相邻和夹逼原则。〖例题〗（2010高考全国I卷）Thereweresmilingchildrenalltheway.Charilytheyknewatwhattimethetrainpassedtheirhomesandtheymadeittheirbusinesstostandalongtherailway,wavetocompletestrangersandcheerthemupastheyrushedtowardsPenang.Oftenwholefamiliesstoodoutsidetheirhomesandwavedandsmiledasifthoseonthetrainsweretheirfavoriterelatives.ThisisthesimplevillagepeopleofMalaysia.Iwasmoved.…ThedaypassedfastandIevenforgottohavemylunchuntilIfelthungry.Ilookedatmywatchandwassurprisedthatitwas3:00pm.SoonthetrainpulledupatButterworth.Ilookedatthepeopleallaroundme.Theyalllookedbeautiful.Whenmyunclearrivedwithasmile,Ithrewmyarmsaroundhimtogivehimawarmhug(拥抱).Ihadneverdonethisbefore.Heseemedsurprisedandthenhisweather-beatenfacewarmedupwithahugesmile.Wewalkedarminarmtohiscar.Ilookedforwardtothereturnjourney.1Whatdidtheauthorremembermostfondlyofhertraintrip?A.Thefriendlycountrypeople.B.Themountainsalongtheway.C.Thecrowdsofpeopleinthestreets.D.Thesimplelunchservedonthetrain.2.对于排序细节题，采用首尾定位法。即先找出第一个动作或步骤和最后一个动作或步骤，迅速缩小选择范围。〖例题〗（2009高考湖北卷）Gernermanagesschoolfacilities(设施)forClarkCounty,Nevada,adistrictroughlythesizeofMassachusetts.By2018,143,000additionalstudentswillenterthealreadycrowdedpublic-educationsystem.Gernerneeds73newschoolstohousethem.Fourarchitectureteamshavenearlyfinisheddesigningprimaryschoolprototypes(样品);theyplantoconstructtheirschoolsstartingin2009.Thedistrictwillthenassesshowwelltheschoolsperform,andthreewinnerswillcopythosedesignsin50to70newbuildings.Whichorderofstepsisfollowedincarryingouttheproject?A.Assessment－Prototype－Design－Construction.B.Assessment－Design－Prototype－Construction.C.Design－Assessment－Prototype－Construction.D.Design－Prototype－Assessment－Construction.3.另外，我们还要观察干扰项的特点：有相当一部分事实细节题的选项照抄了原文的部分信息，这样的...