太原理工大学现代科技学院毕业设计（论文）设计说明书设计题目：汽车倒车雷达的设计学生：樊**专业：电子信息工程班级：信息***班指导教师：**设计日期：2014年06月08日太原理工大学现代科技学院毕业设计任务书汽车倒车雷达的设计摘要超声波汽车倒车探测器是一种能够实时显示车后障碍物状况的汽车倒车辅助装置。在现实生活中应用十分广泛。本文根据声波在空气中可定向发射和反射的原理，以超声波换能器为接口部件，应用单片机技术设计了一套超声波测距系统。文章提出了微处理器控制的超声波汽车倒车测距系统的设计方案。微处理器计算超声波从发射到接收的时间，在数据处理中采用温度补偿技术对超声波在空气中的传播速度进行修正，计算出距离，并根据障碍物与车尾的距离远近情况发出不同等级的报警声，同时显示车后障碍物与车体的距离。论文概述了超声波探测器的发展状况及基本原理。对测距系统发射、接收、检测、显示等部分的设计方案进行了分析。从系统的性能需求、实用要求出发，对系统组成、检测原理和方法作出选择并对软硬件进行了设计。文章详细叙述了系统的硬件设计过程，并给出了系统软件设计程序流程图，通过误差分析，说明了系统应用的实用性。关键字：超声波距离测量单片机ITHEDESIGNOFTHECARREVERSINGRADARABSTRACTTheultrasonicwaveautomobileback-draftdetectorisonekindauxiliaryunitthatcandisplaytheconditionoftheobstaclebehindthevehicleinrealtime．Itappliesextremelywidelyinthereallife．Inthispaper，accordingtothetransmissionreflectiontheoryofwaveintheair，usingsupersonictransducerasinterfaceunitandapplyingmonolithicmachinetechniquestodesignaseriesofbusultrasonicmeasuringsystem．ThispaperintroducesthedesignofultrasonicrangesysteminBackCarbasedonmicroprocessor．Themicroprocessorcontrolthetimeandtransmittingandreflectingbackofultrasonic，thedistancecanmeasurethroughcalculatingthespeedofultrasonicincar,andusethetemperaturecompensationamendmentinthedataofthespeedprocessing．Thesystemcanalertaccordingtothechangingdistance,thedistancecouldbedisplayedonrealtimeaswell．Thispapersummarizesthedevelopmentandfundamentalprincipleofultrasonicdetection.Andthenthetransmission,receiver,detection,displayschimeofthisdistancemetersystemisbroughtout.Startingfromtheperformancedemandandrequirementofutility，theopinionistochoosethesystemcomponent，testingtheoryandmethods，designboththehardandsoftware．Itdescribesthehardwaredesignofthesystemindetail，andprovidestheproceduralflowchartofsoftwaredesign．Itexplainstheappliedfunctionofthesystemthroughtheerroranalysis．KEYWORDS:ultrasonicdistancemeasurementmicrocomputerII目录摘要..........................................................................................................................................IABSTRACT.................................................................................................................................II第1章绪论............................................................................................................................11.1概述............................................................................................................................11.2选题的意义及目的....................................................................................................11.3国内外倒车雷达的发展现状....................................................................................2第2章超声波介绍................................................................................................................32.1什么是超声波............................................................
