现在完成时主菜单上一页下一页现在完成时的构成现在完成时的构成现在完成时的主要用法现在完成时的主要用法现在完成时的时间状语现在完成时的时间状语短暂性动词与时间段的关系短暂性动词与时间段的关系havebeen与havegone比较havebeen与havegone比较与一般过去时的用法比较与一般过去时的用法比较现在完成时的构成现在完成时的构成上一页下一页have(has)+过去分词主菜单看书上的过去分词的构成,并熟记不规则过去式和过去分词。Shehasfinishedherhomework.Wehaveseenthefilm.Ihavelostmywallet.GO现在完成时的几种句型肯定式:主语+助动词have/has+动词的过去分词.疑问式:助动词Have/Has+主语+动词的过去分词?Yes,主语+has/have.No,主语+hasn’t/haven’t.否定式:主语+助动词have/has+not+动词的过去分词.特殊疑问句:特殊疑问句+have/has+主语++动词的过去分词+其他?注意:对主语提问用Who++have/has+动词的过去分词+其他?例句:1.Ihavecleanedmyroom.我已打扫了房间。2.Hehasn’tfinishedhishomework.他还没完成作业。3.Haveyoureadthisnovel?你看过这本小说吗?Yes,Ihave.是的,看过了。No,Ihaven’t.不,没看过。4.WehavestudiedEnglishfortwoyears.我们已经学了两年英语了。5.Theyhaven’tseeneachothersince1998.自从1998年他们就没再见过面。现在完成时的主要用法1.表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。2.表示过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态,常用于现在完成时的时间副词,介词:already(已经):用于肯定句Ihavealreadypostedtheletter.yet(已经):用于否定句,疑问句Hehasn’tdonehishomeworkyet.just(刚刚)Theyhavejustleft.ever(曾经)HaveyoueverbeentoBeijing?never(从不)Ihaveneverseenhim.before(以前)Haveyouseenthefilmbefore?Since+时间段、时间点或过去时间的句子(自从…以来)I’veworkedintheschoolsince1999.for+一段时间(长达)He’slivedinShenzhenfor6years.inthepastseveraldays/weeks/years(在过去的…)recently(最近)Ihavenotwrittentomyparentsrecently.sofar(到目前为止)Sofarshehaslearned5Englishsongs.uptonow(到目前为止)thismorning/month/year(今天早上/这个月/今年)havebeen与havegone的用法比较havebeento意思是“到过,去过”,表示曾经到过某处,但现在人不在那儿。havegoneto意思是“去了”,表示已经去了某地,现在人可能在去的途中或已在那儿了。havebeenin意思是“呆在某处一段时间了”人还在那儿。上一页下一页主菜单HassheeverbeentoNanjing?她曾去过南京吗?Youhaveneverbeenthere,haveyou?你以前从未去过那儿,是吗?IhavebeentoGuiling,Iwenttherelastyear.我去过桂林,我去年去的。ShehasgonetoNanjing.她已经去南京了。LiLeihasbeeninforfiveyears.李雷在广州已经五年了。上一页下一页主菜单since:(自…以来)1)since+时间点Hehasstayedheresince5o’clock.2)since+时间段+agoHehasstayedheresince5hoursago.3)since+从句ShehastaughtEnglishsincehecamehere.for:(长达)for+时间段Hehaskeptthebookfor2weeks.注意:对for或since引导的时间状语提问必须用howlong,决不能用when.since,for的用法:Takenotes短暂性动词与时间段的关系●短暂性动词在肯定句、疑问句中不能与时间段连用,这些动词是:①become,②begin,③buy,④borrow,⑤come(go,arrive),⑥die,⑦finish,⑧join,⑨leave,等。上一页下一页●为了表述这种意思,我们常用相应的延续性动词来代替短暂性动词。主菜单leave--come/go(to)--arrive(at/in)--get(to)--reach--buy--borrow--finish--join--start/begin--die--close--open--return--marry--become--beaway(from)be(in/at)be(in/at)be(in/at)be(in/at)havekeepbeoverbein/bea/an…beonbedeadbeclosedbeopenbebackbemarriedbe动词填空:1._____you________(clean)theroom?Yes,we__________(do)thatalready.When_______you______(do)it?We_______(do)itanhourago.2.______he______(see)thisfilmyet?Yes.When_____he_____(see)it?He______itlastweek.3.Howmanytimes_____you______(be)there?HavecleanedhavedonediddodidHasseendidseesawhavebeen下一页上一页主菜单--练习------------------------------------------------------------Wehavebeenintheclassroomforhalfanhour.Wehavecometotheclassroomforhalfanhour.×√Hisgrandmotherhasdiedsincethreeyearsago.Hisgrandmotherhasbeendeadsincethreeyearsago.Wehavetotheclassroom.Hisgrandmotherhasdied.×√√√GOcome改错1.HowlonghaveyoubeguntostudyEnglish?2.Ihaveborrowedthisbookfortwoweeks.3.TheriverhasbecomeverydirtysincelastAugust.4.Ourmanagerisawaytoday.HehasbeentoGuangzhouonbusiness.5.Hehasgoneoutfortwoyears.studiedkeptbeengonebeen下一页上一页主菜单