Printing,knownas“motherofcivilization”,wasanothergreatinventionoftheChinesepeople.Ithasalonghistoryandincludesblockprinting(雕版印刷)andmovabletypeprinting(活字印刷).Blockprinting(雕版印刷)BlockPrintingwasprobablyinventedbetweentheSuiandTangdynasties.Theprocessofblockprintingstartedwiththecuttingofwoodintoblocks,andthencharacterswereengravedinreliefontheblocks.Inkwasbrushedontheengravedblockandawhitesheetofpaperwasspreadacrossitandthenbrushedwithacleanbrushonitsbackleavinganimagewhenthepaperwasremoved.Theworld’soldestsurvivingbookprintedonpaperisDiamondSutra(《金刚经》).Itistheearliestwoodcutillustrationinaprintedbook.ItwasprintedinTangDynasty.Movabletypeprinting(活字印刷)InSongDynasty,wordworkerBiSheng,Usetheclaywithviscidity,makeintotherectanglecube,carvethesingleChinesecharactersonit,burnitwiththefire,formthefont.Theprintingskillisnamedthetypography.毕昇writeburncarveprinttypesetting书写雕刻烧制排版印制Advantages：Itcanbeusedrepeatedlyandsavematerials.Itiseasytobemodified.Improvetheefficiency.Disadvantages:It’shardtotypesetting.Theworkersarerequiredtoread.Bytheyear1000,pagedbooksinthemodernstylehadreplacedscrolls.Twocolorprinting(blackandred)wasseenasearlyas1340.ThistechnologythenspreadtoKorea,Japan,VietnamandEurope.Later,GermanJohannGutenberginventedmovabletypemadeofmetalinthe1440s.MovableTypePrintingdevelopedveryfast.Basedonclaytype,typemadeofwood,lead,tinandcoppergraduallyappeared.Itmakesbookscanbepublishedinlargenumber.Soitishelpfultopromotethedevelopmentofculture.Itpromotesthespreadofeducationandthedisseminationofknowledge.Itmeansalottothespreadofreligionandthedevelopmentofcurrency.Inaword,Chinaancientfourinventions,hasleftbehindamagnificentchapterinthehistoryofhumanscienceandculture.Thesegreatinventionsonceinfluencedandbenefitedthewholeworld,hadpromotedtheadvancingofhumanhistory.
