专题10动词不定式在短文填空中应用【理论回顾】一、提示词为动词当提示词为动词，涉及到的考点可能为以下三种：谓语动词动词非谓语动词词性变化二、动词不定式的语法功能不定式在句子中可做______________________________________。1.不定式作主语动词不定式做主语一般表示___________________。例如：例1：Tocompletethe30storiedbuildinginoneyearwasquiteadifficulttask.例2：Todothatimpliestakingresponsibility.当主语较长谓语较短时，常用it做形式主语，将不定式放到___________。2.不定式作宾语不定式常在下列动词后面作宾语：afford,agree,apply,arrange,ask,attempt,beg,begin,care,choose,claim,consent,demand,decide,desire,determine,expect,fail,hope,hesitate,hate,intend,learn,like,manage,mean,neglect,offer,plan,preparepretend,promise,refuse,resolve,seek,tend,threaten,want等。例如：例3：Iliketogooutforwalksinthewarmsunshineinspring.例4：Mymotherhatestomovefromplacetoplace,forshefeelstired.例5：Idecidetoworkhardandgetdoctor’sdegree.例6：Theroomisdesignedtobemystudy,butnowithastobeusedasabedroomforthechildren.例7：Shefailedtofinishtheassignmentintime,andshewasworriedaboutit.3.动词不定式作表语不定式作表语常表示___________________，主语常常是表示意向、打算、计划的词，如wish,idea,task,purpose,duty,job等。例如：例8：Themostimportantthingforone’shealthistohaveplentyofexercise.例9：Mychiefpurposehasbeentopointoutthedifficultiesofthematter.例10：Thepurposeoftheorganizationistogreetallnewcomerstothecityandtoprovidethemwithanynecessaryinformation.例11：WhatIwantedwastogettheworkdoneasquicklyaspossible.4.动词不定式作宾语补语不定式常跟在下列动词之后作宾语补语：ask,advise,allow,beg,cause,compel,command,enable,encourage,expect,feel,force,find,hear,have,inform,invite,let,make,mean,notice,order,permit,persuade,remind,require,request,teach,tell,urge,watch,warn,watch等。例如：例11：Becauseofthecomplexityofthemodernequipment,mostofficesrequiresecretariestohavespecifiedtraining.例12：Heaskedyoutocallhimatteno’clock.5.不定式作定语___________________：例13：Iborrowedsomebookstoreadduringmyholiday.用来修饰被序数词、最高级或no,all,any等限定的中心词。如：例14：Hewasthebestmantodothejob.例15：Hewasalwaysthefirsttocomeandthelasttoleave.例16：ShewasthefirstwomantowinthegoldmedalintheOlympicGames.用来进一步解释说明抽象名词。常见的这一类名词有：ability,chance,idea,fact,excuse,promise,answer,reply,attempt,belief,way,reason,moment,time等。如：例17：DoyouhavetheabilitytoreadandwriteEnglish?例18：Ihaveachancetogosight–seeing.6.不定式作状语目的状语To…；onlyto；inorderto；soasto；so(such)…；asto…(如此……以便……).例19：Heransofastastocatchthefirstbus.例20：Icomehereonlytosaygood-byetoyou.作结果状语，表___________________，要放在句子后面。例21：Hesearchedtheroomonlytofindnothing.【想一想】如果给出了提示动词，那么在做题时需要注意些什么呢？【练一练】A篇Althoughitcouldnotcompetewiththespeedofemailtoday,the1800’sexperiencedarevolutionincommunicationthatplayedanimportantroleincreatingthetraditionoftheChristmasgreetingcard.____1____（help)bythenewrailwaysystem,thepublicpostalservicemadecorrespondingapopularpasttime.InEngland,SirHenryColerecognizedtheadvantageof___2____moreefficientmailserviceandinitiatedthepracticeofsendingChristmasgreetingcards__3_____friends.Thefirstcard___4___(design)byJ.C.Horsleyasacommercialendeavor.OnethousandcopiesweresoldinLondon,____5____soonothersfollowedsuit.AnEnglish____6____(art),WilliamEgley,produceda...
