GrammarGrammar直接引语和间接引语直接引语和间接引语DirectandIndirectSpeechDirectandIndirectSpeechGrammar:DirectandIndirectSpeech(1)1.转述他人的陈述→陈述句→SheaskedmewhatIwasdoing.1)Hesaid,“I’mgoingtoBeijing.”→HesaidthathewasgoingtoBeijing.2)Heasked,“Areyouateacher?”→Heaskedmeif/whetherIwasadoctor.3)Shesaid,“Whatareyoudoing?”2.转述他人的疑问→一般疑问句3.转述他人的问题→特殊疑问句直接引语变成间接引语，句子结构的变化•Hesaid,“IhavebeentotheGreatWall.”•HesaidtousthathehadbeentotheGreatWall.•Hesaid,“I'llgiveyouanexaminationnextMonday.”HetoldusthathewouldgiveusanexaminationthenextMonday.•陈述句陈述句•用连词用连词thatthat引导，引导，thatthat在口语中常省略。在口语中常省略。主句的谓语动词可直接用引语中的主句的谓语动词可直接用引语中的said,said,也可也可用用toldtold来代替，注意，可以说来代替，注意，可以说saidthat,saidthat,saidtosb.that,toldsb.thatsaidtosb.that,toldsb.that，不可直，不可直接说接说toldthattoldthat解题步骤:1.陈述句:“Idon’tlikecomputers,”Sarahsaidtoherfriends.SarahsaidtoherfriendsthatIdon’tlikecomputers.saiddidn’tsheSarahsaidtoherfriendsthatshedidn’tlikecomputers.Sarah一般疑问句•Hesaid,“Doyouhaveanydifficultywithpronunciation?”•Heasked(me)whether/ifIhadanydifficultywithmypronunciation.•Hesaid,“YouareinterestedinEnglish,aren'tyou?”•HeaskedwhetherIwasinterestedinEnglish.•间接引语用连词间接引语用连词whetherwhether或或ifif引导，原引导，原主句中谓语动词主句中谓语动词saidsaid要改为要改为asked(me/asked(me/him/ushim/us等等))，语序是陈述句的语序，语序是陈述句的语序2.一般疑问句:Isiteasytoimprovetheconditionofthesoil?(Theyaskedhim)TheyaskedhimifItiseasytoimprovetheconditionofthesoil.itiseasytoimprovetheconditionofthesoil.askediswasTheyaskedhimifitwaseasytoimprovetheconditionofthesoil.特殊疑问句•Hesaidtome“，What'syourname?”•Heaskedmewhatmynamewas.•Heaskedus,“Howmanycarfactorieshavebeenbuiltinyourcountry?”•Heaskedushowmanycarfactorieshadbeenbuiltinourcountry.•原来的疑问词作为间接引语的连词，主原来的疑问词作为间接引语的连词，主句的谓语动词用句的谓语动词用ask(sb.)ask(sb.)来表达，语来表达，语序改为陈述句语序序改为陈述句语序3.特殊疑问句：Whendoyouharvestthewheat?(Theyaskedhim)TheyaskedhimWhenyouharvestthewheatyouharvestthewheat.heheharvestedTheyaskedhimwhenheharvestedthewheat.5.注意地点的变化在直接引语变为间接引语时需要注意的变化在直接引语变为间接引语时需要注意的变化1.注意时态的变化2.注意人称变化。3.注意指示代词的变化4.注意时间的变化6.注意个别趋向动词的变化Thegeographyteachertoldusthatthesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.谓语动词时态变化需要注意几点：1.直接引语表述的是客观真理，变为间接引语时，时态不变Thegeographyteachersaid,“Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.”Shesaysthatshe’llneverforgetthedaysinthecountry.2.如果直接引语所表述的内容在目前和说话时同样有效，变间接引语时，时态可不变Thechildrensaid,“Welovethisgame.”Theytoldusthattheylovethatgame.3.主句谓语动词的时态是现在时态，在引述时，时态不变。Shesays,“I’llneverforgetthedaysinthecountry.”直接引语间接引语指示代词时间状语地点状语方向性动词this,that,thesethosenow,then,todaythatdaythisweekthatweekyesterdaythedaybeforelastweektheweekbeforefourdaysagofourdaysbeforethedaybeforeyesterdaytwodaysbeforetomorrowthenextdaynextmonththenextmonthheretherecome,go,bringtake1.Jacksaidtome,“Youlookworriedtoday.”Jacktoldmethat___worried___.A.helooks…todayB.youlook…todayC.welooked…thatdayD.Ilooked…...
