LivingwithtechnologyGrammarandUsageTransitiveverbsandintransitiveverbs(及物动词和不及物动词)1.Openthedoor.2.Standhere.3.Raiseyourhandifyouhaveanyquestion.4.Thesunrisesintheeast.5.Sheboiledthewaterfortea.6.Classbeginsat8o’clock.7.Thefarmergrowsrice.8.Thecropsaregrowingwell.vtvtvtvtviviviviLead-in英语中按动词后可否直接跟宾语，可把动词分成不及物动词(vi)与和及物动词(vt)。及物动词(vt.)：及物动词后必须跟有动作的对象（即宾语），并且可直接跟宾语。大多数及物动词都可用于被动语态中。1.“主＋谓＋宾”结构。如：Heboughtsomebooksthedaybeforeyesterday.2.“主＋谓＋双宾”结构。如:Pleasehandmethebookoverthere.3.“主＋谓＋宾＋宾补”结构。如:Theyaskedmetogofishingwiththem.类似的还有：buy,catch,invent,found,like,observe,offer,prevent,promise,raise,find,forget,receive,regard,see,say,seat,supply,select,suppose,show,make,take,tell...不及物动词（vi.）：不及物动词后不能直接跟有动作的对象（即宾语）。若要跟宾语，必须先在其后加上某个介词。如：look(看)即不能直接加宾语Lookcarefully!Lookatmecarefully!不及物动词后面不跟宾语，只能用“主＋谓”结构。Ihavelivedherefor15years.类似的还有：agree,go,work,listen,look,come,die,belong,fall,exist,rise,arrive,sit,sail,hurry,fail,succeed...有些动词既可以用作及物又可以用作不及物的动词，其意义不变。如begin都是作“开始”讲。everybody,ourgamebegins.letusbeginourgame.类似的还有：start,answer,sing,close,consider,insist,read,learn,prepare,pay,hurt,improve...既可以用作及物又可以用作不及物的动词，其意义完全不同。这类动词作不及物动词是一个意义；而作及物动词时却是另一个意义。e.g.lift:作不及物动词时是指烟雾的“消散”。wesawthemountainwhenthecloudslifted.作及物动词时是"升高；举起"。Heliftedhisglassanddrank.类似的还有：beatvi.跳动vt.敲、打;growvi.生长vt.种植playvi.玩耍vt.打（牌、球）,演奏smellvi.发出（气味）vt.嗅ringvi.（电话、铃）响vt.打电话speakvi.讲话vt.说（语言）hangvi.悬挂vt.绞死operatevi.动手术vt.操作需要注意的一点是：少数不及物动词唯一可跟的宾语是同源宾语。如：Idreamedadreamlastnight.Theyarelivingahappylife.Iwasatthedentist’slastSundaytohavemyteethchecked().Ihadbought()myselfamagazinesinceIhadampletimetowait.Iwassitting()inthewaitingroomwhenayoungmanentered.Hehadalsocometosee()thedentist.Wehadacasualconversationinthewaitingroom.Wetalked()aboutmanythings,basketball,music,medicalinsurance,etc.ThenourtopicturnedvtvtvivtviPartAtoourteeth.Hetoldmehehadaholeinoneofhisteethandwantedtohaveitfilled.‘Ithurts()alot,’hetoldme,‘wheneverIeatsomethinghotorcold.’Itwasobviousthathewassuffering()greatpainwhenhetalked.Ithought()itbettertocomforthiminsomeway,soItoldhimnottoworry,becauseIhadexactlythesameexperience.Aftertheholeinmytoothwasfilled,Ifeltquiteallright.Hearingthis,hesmiled()happily.vivtvtviPartB1.answer/answerforaHearingthebell,Janegotupfromherchairandwentto__________thedoor.bIfyoucontinuetobehavelikethis,you’llhaveto____________your2benefit/benefitfromaTheprojecthas__________thecountryinmanyaspects.bItisexpectedthatbothcountrieswill________________thisagreement.answeranswerforbenefitedbenefitfrom3.decide/decideagainstaHaveyou_________whattodoaftergraduation?bTooursurprise,they________________theplanwithoutanyexplanation.4pay/payforaHethankedtherepairmanand______himtwentydollars.bTo____________theticketfortheconcert,mysisterdecidedtotakeapart-timejob.decideddecidedagainstpaidpayfor5adjust/adjusttoaI’mafraidwehaveto_____________thedevelopmentofcomputertechnology.bThemonitorneedstobe____________sothateveryonecanreadwhatisonthescreen.adjusttoadjustedHomeworkFinishC1andC2onpage100.
