madeby:WangZhaoxiaRelatedConception(相关概念)1.名词:表示人或事物的名称的词叫名词。2.名词在句子当中一般可以作什么成分?名词在句中主要作主语、宾语、表语和同位语。TheboyisliMing.主语表语Mr.Liang,a24-year-oldboy,teachesusEnglish.主语同位语宾语在英语的句子结构中，本来该由名词充当的主语、宾语、表语和同位语，由一个句子来充当,这个句子就叫名词性从句。什么是名词性从句?名词性从句主语从句(TheSubjectClause)宾语从句(TheObjectClause)表语从句(ThePredicativeClause)同位语从句(TheAppositiveClause)同理:定语从句也可以叫做形容词性从句,状语从句也可以叫做副词性从句.引导名词性从句的词:•连接词:that(不做成分也无意义),if/whether(不做成分但有意义“是否”)•连接代词who(ever),(在从句中做主,宾,)whom(ever),(在从句中做宾,表)which(ever)/whose,(在从句中做主,宾,表,定)what(ever),(在从句中做主,宾,表,“…的事物”,“所…”).•连接副词：when(ever),where(ver),how,why.(在从句中分别做时间,地点,方式,原因状语)另外:asif/asthough也可以引导表语从句请判断出下列的句子属于哪种从句1)WhatIwanttodoistakingabath.2)Thenewsthattheywonthegamespreadthewholeschool.3)Idon’tthinkheisanhonestboy.4)Thefactisthathestolethecar.5)Doyouknowthefactthathestolethecar?6)Doyouknowthemanwhoisstandingoverthere?7)Itissaidthattheywonthegame.(主从)(同位语从句)(宾从)(表从)(同位语从句)(定从)(主从)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________试区分以下句子属于哪种从句:1)Isthismuseumwhatyouvisited?2)Isthisthemuseumthatyouvisited?3)Isthismuseumtheonethatyouvisited?注意：这种句子考试时一定要记住这句话：名词前（尤其是单数可数名词前）一定要有限定词。然后把句子变换成陈述句，接着判断句子是属于哪种从句再完成。(表从)(定从)(定从)Thismuseumiswhatyouvisited.Thisisthemuseumthatyouvisited.Thismuseumistheonethatyouvisited._________________________________________________________________________主语从句(TheSubjectClause)在复合句中起主语的作用。他星期三来这里是肯定的。_______________________________________iscertain.注意：从句作主语时，就算是句子意思完整，都要加上从属连词that(不做成分也无意义)他星期三是否来这里还不肯定的。____________________________________isnotcertain.注意：主语从句表示“是否”只用“whether”而不用“if”(不做成分但有意义“是否”)HewillcomehereonWednesdayThathWhetherhewillcomehereonWednesday主语从句做主语时,谓语动词通常用单数.但what引导的从句做主语时,如果表示复数意义,谓语动词用复数.Whathesaid_____muchforustothinkabout.A.leaveB.leavesThatIshallworkwithyou__agreatpleasure.A.areB.isWhatheleftme______someoldbooks.A.areB.is★★★______________________________________________________________________________________主语从句有时用“it”作形式主语，把真正的主语放在后面，以避免头重脚轻。Itisknowntousthathewillcomehere.Thathewillcomehereisknowntous.It+be+形容词＋that从句Itisnecessarythat…有必要…Itisimportantthat….重要的是…Itisobviousthat……很明显……It+be+-ed分词＋that从句Itisbelievedthat…人们相信…Itisknowntous/allthat….众所周知…Ithasbeendecidedthat……已经决定……用it做形式主语的that从句有以下四种不同的搭配：It+be+名词＋that从句Itiscommonknowledgethat……是常识Itisasurprisethat….令人惊奇的是…Itisafactthat……事实是……It+不及物动词＋that从句Itappears/seemsthat…似乎…Ithappensthat….碰巧…Itoccurredtomethat……我突然想起……表语从句(ThePredicativeClause)在复合句中...
