MembersofSentence主语Subject谓语Predicate宾语Object宾语补足语ObjectComplement表语Predicative定语Attribute状语Adverbial同位语Appositive独立成分IndependentElementSubject主语可充当主语的词：代词、名词化形容词不定式短语、动名词短语、名词性从句1.Thewiselooktothewiserforadvice.2.Itmakesherhappytoseeothersenjoyingthemselves.3.Learningaforeignlanguageisnoteasy.4.Thatshebecameapoetmayhavebeenduetohermother’sinfluence.宾语Object直接宾语：及物动词动作的承受者，能担任主语的词、短语和从句读可做直接宾语。间接宾语：及物动词所指向的人，一般位于直接宾语之前。1.I’dliketosendyouapictureOfmyfamily.2.Supergirlsgavelotsofsurprisetous.复合宾语ComplexObject由两部分组成：第一部分叫宾语，第二部分叫宾语补语，两部分之间存在着逻辑上的主谓关系1.Isawhimcomingintothehouse.2.Doyouthinkitrighttodoso?表语Predicative位于系动词之后，说明主语的身份、性质和特征。1.Rich’sexplanationsoundscrazy.2.WhatsurprisedmemostwasthatDickspokeEnglishsowell.定语Attribute定语是用来描述名词或代词的修饰语，常和名词一起构成名词短语。定语有前置定语和后置定语之分，前置定语多以单词担任，后置定语多以短语和丛句担任。1.Informertimespeoplelittheirhomesbygas,notelectricity.2.Whathappenedattheveryend?3.Thekidunderthetreeisverycute.4.MydogwhosenameisTedisgrowingfast.5.Heprefersgoingthethegolfcourse,whereheintendstoputinsomepractice.状语Adverbial指修饰动词、形容词、副词、介词短语或整个句子的成分。可以做状语的有副词短语、介词短语、名词短语、不定式短语、分词短语和从句。1.Iwillmeetyouguysinourclassroomthisevening.2.Mysistertreatsherdogsandcatskindly.3.IexpectedabetterpricefromthatstoreinthatI’dboughtallmyothercomputerequipmentfromthempreviously.4.Pleaseshutthewindow,soThattheneighbourswouldn’thearthemusicyouplayed.同位语Appositive在由两个或两个以上的语法单位组成的结构中，如果其中的前项与后项的所指相同，句法功能也相同，这种结构被称为同位结构，其中的后项被称为前项的同位语。1.YourclassmateVickyandIhavethesamefavoritesingers.2.Doyoulikethisjob,teachingEnglish?独立成分IndependentElement与句子中的其他成分通常没有语法关系的词，短语或分句，它们与其他成分通常由逗号隔开。1.Comein,Tom.2.OhmyGod,It’stoolate.3.Tobefrank,Idon’tlikethewayyouspeaktome.请说出下列斜体部分的句子成分1.Heseemstoknowsomethingaboutit.2.Thetheoryisveryconvincing.3.Todrinkunboiledwaterisanythingbutsafe.4.Pleasenoticethewordsbelow.5.Temperaturecanbemeasuredeasily.6.Thereisnothingwrongwiththewatch.7.Hesentmealetter.8.Heatisaformofenergy.9.Wefoundthecontainerempty.10.Heopenedthewindowstoletfreshairin.11.Theexperimentover,weputeverythinginorder.12.Oxygenmakesthingsburnrapidly.13.That’sallIwanttosay.14.Thegasison.15.Haveyoutoldthemanythingaboutthematter?16.Whathesaidistrue.17.Theytookemergencymeasures18.Despitehispoorhealthheworksharddayandnight.19.Icameacrossasentencesimilartothisone.20.Heated,themetalexpands.Namethebasicpatternofeachofthefollowingsentences.a.主—动—补b.主—动c.主—动—宾d.主—动—间宾—直宾e.主—动—宾—补1.Thepaindrovememad.2.Herexplanationsoundscrazy.3.Shethrewhimakiss.4.Timeflies.5.Thecatcaughtthelittlemouse.6.Manypeopleconsidertheastronautagreathero.7.Hehasgrownveryold.8.Milkishealthy.9.Architectsdesignbuildings.10.Sheofferedmesomecake.主—动—补b.主—动c.主—动—宾d.主—动—间宾—直宾e.主—动—宾—补
