Lookatthefollowingsentences.Pointouttheverb,thesubjectandtheobjectineachofthesesentencesandchangethemintopassivevoice.Wekeepfoodinthefridge.Theboybroketheglass.Youmustclosethewindowsandthedoor.Foodiskeptinthefridge.Theglasswasbrokenbytheboy.Thewindowsandthedoormustbeclosed.What’sthedifferencebetweenactivevoiceandpassivevoice?TenseTheactivevoiceThepassivevoiceThesimplepresentdo/doesam/is/aredoneThepresentcontinuousam/is/aredoingam/is/arebeingdoneThepresentperfecthas/havedonehas/havebeendoneThesimplefuturebegoingto/willdobegoingto/willbedoneThesimplepastdidwas/weredoneThepastcontinuouswas/weredoingwas/werebeingdoneThepastperfecthaddonehadbeendonePoint1Usuallythedoeroftheactionneedn’tbementionedinthepassivesentence,butifitisneeded,weusebytointroducethedoeroftheaction.Forexample,Howcanitbeusedinotherways?(Itisdifficulttosaywhothedoeris.)Uponreachingthetopofthemountain,afeelingofhappinessandasenseofachievementwillbeexperienced.(Itisnotnecessarytomentionthedoer.)Point2Whenaverbisfollowedbytwoobjects,eitheroftheobjectscanbeusedasthesubjectinthepassivesentence.However,youshouldknowthedifferencebetweenusingthepersonandthethingasthesubject.Forexample:OurteacheroftentellsussomeinterestingstoriesinEnglish.→WeareoftentoldsomeinterestingstoriesinEnglish.SomeinterestingstoriesareoftentoldtousinEnglish.Myfriendsgavemesomenicepresentsonmybirthday.→Iwasgivensomenicepresentsonmybirthdaybymyfriends.Somenicepresentsweregiventomeonmybirthdaybymyfriends.MymotherwillmakeusacakethisSaturday.→WewillbemadeacakebymymotherthisSaturday.AcakewillbemadeforusbymymotherthisSaturday.Point3Whenaninfinitiveisusedasanobjectcomplementaftersomeverbs,suchasmake,let,notice,observe,see,watch,orhear,intheactivevoice,theinfinitivemakertoshouldbeomitted,butifthesentenceischangedintothepassivevoice,toshouldbeusedbeforetheinfinitive.Moreexamples:Ioftenhearthegirlplaythepianointheafternoon.→Thegirlisoftenheardtoplaythepianointheafternoon.Theteachermakeshisstudentswriteacompositioneveryweek.→Thestudentsaremadetowriteacompositioneveryweek.Point4Getcanalsobeusedinthepassivevoiceinsteadofbe.Forexample,Mybikegotstolenlastnight.You’dbettergetchangedquickly,forthepartywillbeginsoon.Thiswindowseemstohavegotbroken.Point5Someverbsusedintheactivegiveapassivemeaning.Forexample,Thissweaterwasheswell.Thepenwritessmoothly.Point6Sometransitiveverbscannotbeusedinthepassivevoice,fortheseverbsindicatestatesnotactions.Forexample,Ilikepopsongsandoftenlistentothem.Hehasabighouseneartheriver.Youcandependonhertodealwiththesituation.Therearetwospecialsentencepatternswhichcanbeusedinthepassivevoice.Itishoped/believed/reported/thought/…that….orSb.ishoped/believed/reported/thought/…todosth.(1)人们希望他的身体很快会好起来.Itishopedthathewillbebettersoon.Heishopedtobebettersoon.Itisreportedthatanothermannedsatellitewillbesentintothemoonnextmonth.Anothermannedsatelliteisreportedtobesentintothemoonnextmonth.(2)据报道,下个月又一颗人造卫星将会被发送到月球上.Thethreemissingsailorsarebelievedtohavedrowned.Itisbelievedthatthethreemissingsailorshavedrowned.(3)人们认为这三个失踪的海员已经淹死了.Someinterestingtechnologies(1)___________developedatthemoment.Thefirstisajacketcreatedby(2)___________.Thesmartjackethas_____________thisyear.Itincludesabuilt-inmobilephoneandanMP3player.Ithasbeenwornby(4)________,whofounditcomfortableandvery“cool”.Thes...
