动词过去分词和动词不定式及动词的-ing形式称为非谓语动词,是高中阶段学习的重点内容,也是高考的常考内容之一。学习过去分词时应该注意以下几点:一、了解过去分词的基本概念。二、掌握过去分词的基本的用法。三、过去分词和现在分词及不定式在具体应用时的区别。观察下列句子,注意黑体字部分在句中的成分及作用①HefoundthatitcamefromtheriverpollutedbythedirtywaterfromLondon.他发现水是从被伦敦排出的脏水污染了的河里来的。②Buthebecameinspiredwhenhethoughtabouthelpingordinarypeopleexposedtocholera.但当他想到要帮助那些得了霍乱病的普通百姓时,他感到很振奋。句①中的黑体字部分在句中作定语。句②中的黑体字部分在句中作表语。Ⅰ.过去分词作定语1.不及物动词的过去分词一般作前置定语,被修饰词与过去分词之间为主动关系,但表示动作的完成,相当于谓语为完成时的定语从句。①anescapedprisoner=aprisonerwhohasescaped一名逃犯②developedcountries=countriesthathavedeveloped发达国家③therisensun=thesunwhichhasrisen升起的太阳2.单个及物动词的过去分词一般作前置定语;及物动词短语的过去分词作定语要放在被修饰词之后。被修饰词与过去分词之间为被动及完成的关系,相当于谓语为被动语态的定语从句。①Heisarespectedteacher.他是位受人尊敬的老师。②Teenagersexposedto(=whoareexposedto)violenceandsexonTVorontheInternetaremorelikelytocommitcrimes.接触暴力和色情电视节目和网络内容的青少年极容易犯罪。Ⅱ.过去分词作表语过去分词作表语,常放在系动词be,get,become,grow,turn,remain,seem,appear,feel,look之后,这时候的过去分词常已具备形容词的特点,很多词的前面可以用quite,very,rather等副词修饰,后面常可以接at,with,about等介词,说明主语所处的状态。①Thehallwascrowdedwith(挤满)refugees.②Mostofmiddleschoolstudentsareinterestedin(……对感兴趣)popstarsandNBAstarplayers.③Heappeared(looked,felt)alittleexcitedwhenhesawhisboss.当他见到他的老板时,他显得(看上去/感到)有点激动。④Theriverisbadlypolluted.这条河受到了严重的污染。(系表结构)⑤Theriverwaspollutedbyapapermill.这条河被一家造纸厂污染了。(被动语态)1.句型转换①Usedplasticcanberecycledandreused.→Plasticthatisusedcanberecycledandreused.②TheplanthatwasputforwardbytheTradeUnionwasconstructive.→TheplanputforwardbytheTradeUnionwasconstructive.③Thingsthatareseenaremightierthanthingsthatareheard.→Thingsseenaremightierthanthingsheard.④Youmustdrinkboiledwater,oryoucanbuybottledwater.→Youmustdrinkwaterthathasboiled,oryoucanbuywaterthatisbottled.2.根据英语及汉语提示完成句子①Thosewhowerewoundedinthefight(打架受伤的那些人)weresenttohospitalatonce.(those)②Thetruckwasblockedbyafallentree(被一棵倒下的树挡住了).(fall)③Forbreakfastheonlydrinksjuicefromfreshfruitgrownonhisownfarm(自己农场里种植的).(grow)3.单项填空①Theplayers_____fromthewholecountryareexpectedtobringushonorinthissummergame.[2011湖南高考]A.selectingB.toselectC.selectedD.havingselected【解析】选C。考查非谓语动词。句意:这些从全国挑选出来的选手都被期待在这次夏季赛事中为我们带来荣誉。theplayers与select是被动关系,故用过去分词作后置定语。②Throughouthistory,thelanguage______byapowerfulgroupspreadsacrossacivilization.A.speakingB.spokenC.tospeakD.tobespoken【解析】选B。考查非谓语动词。句意:纵观历史,一个强大群体使用的语言传播着一种文明。spokenbyapowerfulgroup是过去分词短语作后置定语,修饰thelanguage,thelanguage与speak之间是被动关系。③InApril,thousandsofholidaymakersremained_____abroadduetothevolcanicashcloud.[2010福建高考]A.stickingB.stuckC.tobestuckD.tohavestuck【解析】选B。remain是系动词,后接过去分词短语stuckabroad作表语,表明主语所...