American GovernmentUnit 1 lesson 2 class 1Understand Basic ideas about government that English colonists brought to AmericaExamine how government developedObjectivesColonists started with three ideas from England for their new governmentORDERED GOVERNMENT 有秩序的政府 : a government’s rule should help people to get along 生活相处融洽LIMITED GOVERNMENT 权利受限制的政府 : government only has certain 确定的 特定的 powers, people have rights tooREPRESENTATIVE GOVERNMENT 代表政府 the people tell the government what it can cannot doPolitical beginnings MAGNA CARTA 大宪章 (1215): said that the king did not have total power introduced trial by jury and process of law 提出陪审团的审判及法律过程Important English DocumentsPETITION 请愿书 OF RIGHTS (1628): 权利请愿书said the king could not use the army to rule during peacetimehave soldiers in people’s homesImportant English DocumentsBILL OF RIGHTS (1689):did not allow an army during peacetime guaranteed a fair and speedy trial 确保公正和迅速的裁决 made all parliamentary elections free 所有的议会选举都不受阻碍 不受外部阻力支配diaband 解散 （ army) innocent until proven guilty everybody is equal in the court of law 法律面前人人平等Important English DocumentsThe government in each of the 13 original colonies started with a charter 最早的 13 个殖民地政府都是从宪章开始的CHARTER: a document issued 颁布 by an British king granting 同意准予承认 the colonist 殖民地居民 permission 许可 to establish their own government.All colonies had governors 统治者；管 理者 with limited 有限的 powers and legislature 立法机构The government in each colony differed depending on what type of colony it was 每个殖民地的不同取决于它本身是个什么类型的殖民地Government in coloniesROYAL COLONIES 皇室殖民地PROPRIETARY COLONIES 私人所有的殖民地CHARTER COLONIES康涅狄格州和罗德岛为宪章岛 大多数为自制respectively 分别地Types of coloniesControlled by the British king,BICAMERAL legislatures. 两院制立法机关 King decided who would be a governor 统治者；管 理者 . The governor 地方长官 had a council 理事会 that shared power to tax people 征税 and spend money earned 挣的Royal coloniesThe king gave land to a wealthy PROPRIETOR 业主 , or owner. The owner appointed 指定 a governor and ran 管理 a colony as he saw fitProprietary coloniesSelf-governing, since the king gave the people the land to form a colonyMen who owned the land elected a governmentCharter coloniesroyal--- decided by Kingproprietary---decided by ownercharter--decided by peopleRead chapter 2 section 1 pages 24-30ReadingThank you!
