高三英语语法专题讲练——定语从句编制人： 审核人： 序号：4 班级: 姓名: 小组:一．定语从句的基本概念1. 定语从句：修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行 词后面。2. 先行词：被定语从句修饰的那个名词或代词称为先行词。3. 关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词。关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词：who, whom, whose, which, that, as 等；关系副词：where, when, why 等。关系词常有三个作用：引导定语从句；代替先行词；在定语从句中充当一个成分。Harry Potter is the most interesting novel that I have read. (that I have read 是定语从句；novel是先行词；that 是关系代词，代替先行词 novel，在从句中作 have read 的宾语。)二．关系代词 as 引导的定语从句限制性定语从句形式上不用逗号和主句隔开，是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确，翻译成先行词的定语，“……的……”。非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开，通常翻译成主句的并列句。that 不能引导非限制性定语从句。1）当先行词为整个句子时，只能用非限制性定语从句。引导这类从句的关系代词只有 as 和which。as 引导的非限制性定语从句位置灵活，可置于句首、句中和句末，译作“正如……，正像……”。而 which 引导非限定性定语从句不能置于句首，译作“这”。常用形式：as we can see(正如我们所看到的),as we had expected(正如我们所预料的),as is often the case(情况常常如此),as is reported in the newspaper(正如报纸报道的那样),as is well known/as we all know(众所周知),as the saying goes(俗话说)等。2）as 也可以引导限制性定语从句，常用于下列句式：① such + 名词+ as …② the same + 名词+ as …；She must pay for what she has done, which / as is natural. She, as we all know, can speak three foreign languages.As was pointed out, this kind of substance(物质) is poisonous.This is the same book as I lost yesterday. ( the same…as… 表示与…同样，但不是同一个)This is the same book that I lost yesterday. ( the same…that… 表示同一个，就是那一个)三．“介词＋关系...
