新版上海牛津版七年级上册语法一、知识点(一)特殊疑问词特殊疑问句 :以疑问代词 what, who, whose, which 或疑问副词 when, where, why, how 等放在句首提问的句子,叫特殊疑问句。答句必须针对问句中的疑问词来回答,疑问词分为疑问代词和疑问副词。一、 特殊疑问词(一) 疑问代词 who/whom/whose/what/which 1. who, whom, whose 只能指人who 常作主语或宾语; whom 作宾语,可用 who 替代; whose 常作定语或表语。eg: Who taught you math last year? (主语 ) Whom did you see? (宾语 ) Whose father works in Shenzhen? (定语) 2. what 用来询问物或数量,用来询问人时涉及人的职业,身份或外貌。如:What would you like to eat today? 你今天想吃什么?What is your mother ? 你妈妈是干什么的?3. which 用来询问人或物,一般有特定的选择范围。如:Which is your sister of the two girls? 那两个姑娘中哪个是你姐姐?(二)疑问副词常用的疑问副词有: where, when, why, how以及 how 引伸的一些疑问词组,如:how much (many), how long, how old, how far, how often, how soon 等。他们在句中通常作状语,可表时间,方式,原因等。如:When will you come back? 你什么时候回来?Where did you put your mobile phone? 你把手机放哪Why are you late? 你为什么迟到?How long did you stay in Beijing? 你在北京呆了多久?二、不定冠词1. 不定冠词是 a/an,一般放在名词之前。 a 用于以辅音(不是辅音字母)开头的单词前,an 用于以元音(不是元音字母)开头的单词前。如:a boy 一个男孩a European country 一个欧洲国家an island 一座岛屿an hour 一小时2. 不定冠词的用法(1) 用在可数名词的单数形式前面* 表示一类事物或人中的任何一个。如:There is an island over there. 那儿有一座岛Be sure to bring me a dictionary. 一定要给我带本字典来。* 表示一类事物或人, a/an 在此处不用翻译。如:An ear is an organ for listening. 耳朵是听觉器官。A tiger is a wild animal. 老虎是一种野生动物。(2) 用在专有名词前面,表示“一个 ”、“一种 ”、“一类 ”或“一个类似 .....的”。如:That city is a Venice in China. 那座城市是中国的威...