第十六章虚拟语气一■考纲解读虚拟语气是高考热点,考生需要注意 if 条件从句中虚拟语气的用法、含蓄条件句中虚 拟语气的用法和名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法；以及虚拟语气中倒装的出现；虚拟语气用于 定语从句等.二.^点精讲虚拟语气表示说话人所说的话不是事实,而是一种假设、愿望、疑心或推测.考点一 虚拟语气在条件句中的用法if 从句主句与现在事实相反if+主语+动词过去式主语 + should/would/could/might+动词原形与过去事实相反If +主语+ had+过去分词主语 + should/would/could/might + have +过去分词与将来事实相反1. if+主语+动词过去式2.if+主语 + were to+动词原形3. if +主语+ should + 动词原形主语 + should/would/could/ might+动词原形If it were to rain tomorrow, I should not drive my car.如果明天下雨的话,我就不开车了. 〔明天的情况还不知道〕If I had done it in time, I should have had a good time.如果我及时做的话,日子就好过多 了.〔可惜当时没能及时做〕 注意：1 .主句中的 should 通常用于第一人称,would 可用于任何人称.2.条件句中如果动词是 be,其过去式所有人称的单复数都可用 were；在第一、三人称单数 的口语中,可用 was 代替 were.但在 if I were you 中,不能说成 if I was you.3 .当条件从句的行为与主句所表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时,主从句中动词的形式要 根据它所标示的时间作出相应的调整,这就是所谓的“错综条件虚拟语气〞.如：If they had studied hard, they could do it easily now.如果他们以前努力学习的话,现在干得就会容易些了.If he had not taken my advice, he wouldn't do it much better like this.如果他不听我的建议,他就不会干得这么好了.4 .在条件句中,如果有 were, had, should 等,那么可省略 if,但应注意把 were, had, should 等提 到从句主语之前.如：If he were to come, I would join him in the discussion. = Were he to come, I would join him in the discussion,如果他来,我将和他一道参加讨论.5 .有些虚拟条件句没有从句,虚拟条件句是通过上下文或介词短语表示出来的.如：But for air and water, there would be no life on the earth.要是没有空气和水,地球上就没有生命.〔介词短语 but for 提供了虚拟条件...
