2012-2013 学年高三英语一轮复习 语法精讲 A small step makes a big difference. 1 介词+关系代词及关系副词的用法 一、介词+关系代词引导的定语从句 “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句多用于正式文体,使用的关系代词一般是 which/whom,它既可以引导限制性定语从句,也可以引导非限制性定语从句。 1 . “介词+ 关系代词”引导定语从句基本原则: “介词+ 关系代词”引导定语从句时,介词的宾语只能用 which(物)和 whom(人),即:介词+which/ whom。 (1). 当介词放在关系代词的前面时,介词的宾语只能用 which 或 whom,关系代词不能省略。 (2). 当介词位于定语从句的末尾时,可用 that/which(物),that/whom/who(人)作介词的宾语,而且作介词宾语的关系代词往往省略。 This is the hero (that/ who/ whom) we are proud of. 这就是我们以之为豪的英雄。 2 . “介词+关系代词”具体形式及其句法功能 (1). “介词+ which”在关系分句中分别可作时间、地点和原因状语,代替相应的关系副词 when, where和 why。 ①I still remember the day on which (= when) I first came to school. 我仍然记得初来学校的那一天。 ②The factory in which (= where) I work is a large one. 我工作的工厂是一个大厂子。 ③This is the reason for which (= why )he was put in prison. 这就是他为什么被关起来的原因。 (2). “介词+ which(指物)/whom(指人)”在关系分句中作地点状语,表示存在关系,关系分句主谓常须倒装。 ①They arrived at a farm house, in front of which sat a small boy. 他们来到一处农舍,前边坐着一个小男孩。 ②I saw a man, on the head of whom stood a bird. 我看见一个人,他的头上有一只鸟。 (3). “不定代词或数词+ of + which(指物)/whom(指人)”在关系分句中作主语,说明整体中的一部分。 ① Your speech was heard by a group of five judges, all of whom agreed that it was the best one this year. 评委团的五位评委听了你的演讲,他们都认为你的那篇是今年收到的演讲稿中最好的一篇。 ② It is likely to be just the name of a company, part of which may be a general location. 它很可能仅是公司的名称,其中可能含有公...