从句 宾语从句 一、定义: 用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。宾语从句可以用连词 that,连接代词 who,whom,what,which;连接副词 how,when,where 以及 if 和 whether 引起。连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中作一相应的句子成分,if 或 whether 表示疑问,而 that 没有意义仅起连接作用。 二、宾语从句的分类: 1. 作动词的宾语从句: 如:Everyone knows that he is a good student. He wondered how the pyramids were built. 2. 作介词宾语: 如:This depends on how hard you work. Is there anything wrong in what I said? 3. 作形容词的宾语: 如:They are confident that they can do the job well. I am not certain whether the train will arrive on time. 三:使用宾语从句要注意的问题: 1. 宾语从句引导词 that 的省略: 在非正式场合下,that 在引导宾语从句时,可以省略。 如:I think (that) you are right. 2. 形式宾语it: 如果宾语从句后面跟有补语,要用形式宾语it 来代替,而将从句放到补语的后面去。如:He has made it clear that the meeting will not be postponed. I heard it said that that factory was founded in 1901. 3.宾语从句的时态呼应: 如果主句的谓语是过去时,宾语从句的时态要按照时态呼应规则进行相应的调整。但是若宾语从句表示的是客观真理或自然观念,其谓语时态仍用一般现在时。 如:He said that he had left his umbrella in the library. The teacher told the students that the Pacific Ocean is the largest ocean in the world. 4. 宾语从句否定意义的转移: 在 think, believe, suppose, expect 等动词所根的宾语中,如果从句谓语是否定的,一般要将否定词 not 转移至主句谓语上去,而将从句宾语变为肯定形式。 如:I don’t think he has time to play chess with you. I don’t suppose it is the rush hour yet. 5.一些动词接的宾语从句通常要用虚拟语气: 一般说来,在一些表示坚持(insist),命令(order,command),建议(suggest,advise),要求 (require,demand) 等动词之后的宾语从句中,谓语一般要用“should +动词原形”(其中的should 在美国英语中常省略,但是引导从句的that ...