英语一般过去时和过去进行时

一、一般过去时（一）一般过去时时态（1）主要用来表示过去某一时间发生的（和现在没有联系的）动作或所处的状态，常有一个表示明确的过去的时间状语，如： the day before yesterday, yesterday, last week, three days ago, just now, at that time , in 1999 等；或跟由 while/when 等引导的表示过去的时间状语从句；或有上下文暗示动作发生的时间是在过去① They were in Paris three years ago. 三年前他们在巴黎② When I was at college, I spoke three foreign languages. 上大学的时候，我讲三门外语。③ —— Have you seen a pen? I left here this morning, 你看见一支笔了吗？今天早上我这的。——Is it a black one? I think I saw it somewhere. 是黑色的吗？我想我在什么地方见到过。（2）表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。① He always got up late on Sundays. 周日他总是很晚才起床。（3）表示客气，与过去式无关，一般用在情态动词中① Would/Could you please give me a hand ？ 你能帮我一下吗？（二）谓语构成一般过去时的谓语不管主语的人称和单复数都用动词的过去式表示，动词的过去式有规则与不规则两种。规则动词的过去式在动词原形后加-ed, 不规则动词的过去式要逐个记忆。规则动词的过去式变化方式如下：情况变 化 规 则例词一般情况在动词原形后加-edstart →started work→worked enjoy→ enjoyed finish →finished 以不发音的e 结尾的词在 动 词 后 加-dphone→phoned live →lived move→ moved hope→hoped以辅音字母+y结尾的词变 y 为 i，再加 -edcry → criedcarry→carried try → tried study →studied以辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词双 写 该 辅 音 字母，再加 -edplan → planned stop →stopped 不规则动词的过去式（举例）begin → began go → went see → saw do → did get → got come →came leave →left am → was are → were give → gave have → had think →thought （三）一般过去时的否定式和疑问式（1）实义动词的一般过去时的否定式和疑问式要用助动词did 帮助构成。疑问句的简单回答也要用助动词。 （Yes, I did. / No, I didn’t ）否定句构成：主语 + did not (didn’t) + 动词原形⋯例如： I didn...