主谓一致就近原则1
由并列结构或连词( either ⋯ or, neither ⋯ nor,not ⋯ but, not only⋯ but also , or 等)连接的并列主语,谓语动词与靠近的那个名词或代词保持一致
在倒装句和 there be句型中,谓语动词与后面的第一个主语保持一致
例句: There is a book and some pens on the desk
桌子上有一本书和几支钢笔
在强调句中,连接代词又在句中作主语, 这时它应与被强调的主语保持一致
例句: It is Ma ry ’s brother who was injured in the car accident
是 Mary的哥哥在车祸中受伤了
意义一致原则1
当主语与谓语动词之间插入along with,with ,as well as ,together with,no less than,besides ,except , but , including等短语时,谓语动词不受这些插入语的干扰,依然和主语保持一致
例句: I, along with my sister, am going to Shanghai next month
我,还有我姐姐,打算下个月去上海
英语中有一类单、复数同型的词(people ,means ,sheep ,deer ,fish等),其单、复数取决于它在句中的含义
例句: All of the people in the country have been prepared for the great reformation
这个国家的人都已经为大变革做好了准备
多数情况下, 由“ what ”引导的名词性从句作主语时,其后的谓语动词通常用单数形式
例句: What I want to say is just