语法15主谓一致

第十五专题→主谓一致在英语学习中，同学们会逐渐发现随着学习的不断深入，能够充当主语的成分也越来越多，除了常见的名词、代词，还有非谓语、句子等等，那么如何使这些主语和它的谓语动词保持性、数上的一致就成了我们英语学习中的一个重要课题，也是历来高考拟题关注的热点。现总结主谓一致的几点原则如下：<一>就近原则1. 由并列结构或连词（either⋯or， neither⋯nor，not⋯but， not only ⋯ but also， or 等）连接的并列主语，谓语动词与靠近的那个名词或代词保持一致。Neither his parents nor Tom is at home. Tom 和他的父母都不在家。Are neither his parents nor Tom at home? Tom 和他的父母都不在家吗？【Note：“either⋯or, neither⋯nor, or”连接的两个主语若是一单一复，最好将复数主词放在后面而接复数动词。 】2. 在倒装句和there be 句型中，谓语动词与后面的第一个主语保持一致。There is a book and some pens on the desk. 桌子上有一本书和几支钢笔。There comes the bus. 汽车来了。3. 在定语从句中，关系代词作主语，其谓语动词应与它所指代的先行词保持一致。I know the man who is talking to my father. 我认识那个正在和我父亲谈话的人。4. 在强调句中，连接代词又在句中作主语，这时它应与被强调的主语保持一致。It is Mary ’s brother who was injured in the car accident. 是 Mary 的哥哥在车祸中受伤了。<二>意义一致原则1. 当主语与谓语动词之间插入along with ，with ，as well as，together with ， no less than，besides，except， but， including 等短语时，谓语动词不受这些插入语的干扰，依然和主语保持一致。I, along with my sister, am going to Shanghai next month. 我，还有我姐姐，打算下个月去上海。Tom, as well as his wife and children, is going to visit China. 2. 英语中有一类单复数同型的词（aircraft ，means，sheep， deer，fish 等），其单复数取决于它在句中的含义。All the possible means have been tried to deal with the urgency. Every possible means has been tried to deal with the urgency. 3. 多数情况下，由“what ”引导的名词性从句作主语时，其后的谓语动词通常用单数形式。What I want to say is j...