第 1 页 共 6 页 高一英语高一英语-----语法Grammar:定语从句(Attributive Clauses) Handsome boys=the boys who are handsome Beautiful flowers=the flowers which are beautiful 定义: 定语从句(Attributive Clauses):由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引导的从句,其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词和代词,相当于形容词,所以又称为形容词性从句,一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词,引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词可分为关系代词(who, whom, whose, which, that)和关系副词(when, where, why) 关系词都充当从句的某个成分,它所替代的相应成分应省去。在定语从句中,当who, which, that 作主语时,谓语的单复数应与先行词保持一致。关系词常有3 个作用:①引导定语从句。②代替先行词。③在定语从句中担当一个成分。 定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。非限制性定语从句与先行词的关系不如限制性定语从句与先行词的关系紧密,没有它,主句的意思也清楚,因此用逗号隔开。关系词在非限制性定语从句中的用法与在限制性定语从句中的用法基本一样。 一.关系代词以及基本用法 关系代词 指示对象 作用 例句 That 人.物 主.(宾) The student that answered the question was John.回答问题的学生是约翰。 The book (that) you lent me was interesting.你借给我的那本书很有趣。 Which 物 主.(宾) Football is a game which is liked by most boys. 足球是大多数男孩都喜欢的游戏. This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. 这是他昨天刚买的钢笔. Who 人 主.(宾) A doctor is a person who looks after people's health. The man(who)you met just now is my friend. Whom 人 (宾) The man(whom)you met just now is my friend. 你刚刚见到的那个人就是我的朋友. Mr. Ling is just the boy(whom)I want to see. 凌先生恰巧就是我想见的那个男孩. Whose 人.物 定 He has a friend whose father is a doctor. Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 注意一: 1)介 词后面的关系词不能 省略 。 2)that 前 不能 有介 词。 3)某些 在从句中充当时间 ,地 点 或原 因状 语的"介 词+...