1 现在完成时 一. 基本结构:助动词have/has+过去分词(done) 二. 句型:否定句:主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他. 一般疑问句:Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他. 三.用法 (1)现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果 I have spent all of my money.(含义是:现在我没有钱花了.) They have come here. (含义:他们现在在这儿) (2)现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在的动作或状态,常与 for和 since连用 ①for+时段 ②since+过去一个时间点(译为:自从……以来) ③since+时段+ago ④since+从句(过去时) ⑤It is+时段+since+从句(过去时) Mary has been ill for 3 days. (since 3 days ago) I have been in the university since 2002. 四.has gone (to),has been (to), has been (in) 的区别 Have/Has gone(to) :去了(现在不在说话现场) Where is your father?He has gone to Shanghai. Have/Has been (to) :去过(已不在去过的地方) My father has been to Shanghai. Have/has been in:呆了多久(还在所呆的地方) My father has been in Shanghai for two months. /since two months ago. 五.现在完成时的标志 现在完成时的含义是过去已经完成的动作对现在仍有影响,用以下四大标志词可以表达这种含义: ★以 already, just和 yet为标志 He has already got her help. 他已得到她的帮助。 He has just seen the film. 他刚刚看过这场电影。 ★以 ever和 never为标志 This is the best film I have ever seen. 这是我曾经看过的最好的一部电影。 He has never been to Beijing. 他从没有到过北京。 ★以动作发生的次数为标志 He says he has been to the USA three times. 他说他已经去过美国三次了。 ★以 so far(到目前为止)为标志 He has finished all of his work so far. 到目前为止他完成了所有的工作 注意: 1)现在完成时不能单独与过去的时间状语连用, 如yesterday,last week, three years ago 2)不能与 when连用 2 六.过去分词 1 、规则动词:规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。 (1)、一般动词,在词尾直接加“ ed ”。 work---worked---worked ,visit---v...