合肥工业大学 材料成形及控制工程09 级 03 班 Materials have always been important to the advance of civilization（文明）: entire eras（时代，时期 ） are named for them. After evolving from the Stone Age through, the Bronze and Iron Ages, now in the modem era we have vast numbers of tailored materials to make use of. We are really living in the Materials Age. 材料对文明进步一直是重要的：整个世纪用材料命名，从石器时代到青铜时代再到铁器时代，再到当今世纪，我们利用了大量的定制材料。我们的确活在材料时代。 Work and study in the field of materials science and engineering is grounded（较好的 ） in an understanding of why materials behave the way they do, and encompasses（围绕） how materials are made and how new ones can be developed. For example, the way materials are processed is often important. People in the Iron Age discovered this when they learned that soft iron could be heated and then quickly cooled to make a material hard enough to plow（耕，犁） the earth; and the same strategy is used today to make high-strength aluminum alloys for jet aircraft（喷气式飞机）. Today we demand more from our materials than mechanical strength, of course—electrical, optical（光学）, and magnetic properties（磁性能）, for example, are crucial（至关重要的） for many applications. As a result, modern materials science focuses on ceramics, polymers, and semiconductors, as well as on materials, such as metals and glasses, that have a long history of use. 在材料科学与工程领域的工作和研究是建立在对材料为什么能表现出这种行为、材料怎样被制造及材料如何被开发的理解的基础上。举个例子，材料加工方式很重要。生活在铁器时代的人们发现了通过对软铁加热，再快冷可以使材料足够硬以致于可以用来犁地。同样的方式在今天被用来制造喷气式飞机中的高强度铝合金。今天我们对材料的要求远不止力学性能，当然还有电流、磁...
