自考英语语法(精细)

英语（二）语法 1 II. 重点语法复习  动词时态和语态  非谓语动词  虚拟语气  定语从句和名词性从句 1 . 动词主要时态和语态表（背熟） 一般现在时 一般过去时 一般将来时 主动: do did will do 被动: are done were done will be done 现在进行时 过去进行时 将来进行时 主动: are doing were doing will be doing 被动: are being done were being done 现在完成时 过去完成时 将来完成时 主动: have done had done will have done 被动: have been done had been done 现在完成进行时 主动: have been doing 动词主要时态的意义及运用 1.现在完成进行时 发生在过去一直持续到现在的动作，或者发生在过去，对现在仍然有影响的动作。 英语提示语： so far,by now, up to now,for three years, since 1995,since yestoday, in the past too years 2.过去完成时 过去的过去，在过去的时间以前发生的动作。 （经常涉及两个动作，一个动作用过去时，在它之前发生的用过去完成时。） 1)said, reported, thought 等引导的间接引语中。 e.g. He missed the train. He said he had missed the train. 2) hardly… when, no sooner… than e.g. No sooner had he got up than he received the call. 3) 与过去事实相反的虚拟语气的条件状语从句中 e.g If I had tried harder, I would have won. I wish I had done better in the exam. （考试已经过去 ） 3.完成进行时 从过去一直继续到现在，中间没有间断 汉语中提示：一直 e.g. The water has been running the whole night. 英语（二）语法 2 4.过去时 过去某一具体时间内发生的动作（不考虑是否持续到现在） 英语提示语：yestaday，in 1995，last weed,in the 19 century,5 years ago, 历年考题中的动词时态和语态 1.So far, Irving ___ (live) in New York City for ten years. (has been lived) 2.The patient ___ (send) to another hospital before we got there. (had been sent) 3.The second half of the nineteenth century ___ (witness) the first extended translation into English of the writings of Eliphas Levi. (witnessed) 2 ....