四级语法知识点总结

四级语法知识点总结一 ： 时态 ：所谓的"时态"，就是时间+状态。谓语动词的时态见下表：1 ．主动形式 2 ．被动形式 CET-4 常考的三种时态：过去完成时；将来完成时；（现在/过去）完成进行时。时间状语从句当中的时态：一般过去时 所有的过去用一般现在时表示 现在和将来现在完成时 现在完成和将来完成过去现在将来过去将来一般diddowill/shall doshould/would do进行was/were doingam/is/are doingwill/shall be doing/完成had donehave/has donewill/shall have doneshould/would have done 用于虚拟语气完成进行had been doinghave/has been doing//过去现在将来过去将来一般was/were givenam/is/are givenwill/shall be givenshould/would be given进行was/were being givenam/is/are being given//完成had been givenhave/has been givenwill/shall have been givenshould/would have been given完成进行///二：非谓语动词1．不定式：一）不定式的常考形式：1) 一般形式：He decided to work harder in order to catch up with the others.被动形式: He preferred to be assigned some heavier work to do. 语法功能： 表示与谓语动词同步发生2) 完成形式：He pretended not to have seen me.被动形式：The book is said to have been translated into many languages. 语法功能：表示发生在谓语动词之前 二）不定式常考的考点：1）不定式做定语----将要发生2）不定式做状语----目的3）不定式充当名词功能---To see is to believe. 三)不定式的省略 感官动词 see, watch, observe, notice, look at, hear, listen to, smell, taste, feel+ do 表示动作的完整性，真实性；+ doing 表示动作的连续性，进行性 I saw him work in the garden yesterday. 昨天我看见他在花园里干活了。(强调"我看见了"这个事实) I saw him working in the garden yesterday. 昨天我见他正在花园里干活。（强调"我见他正干活"这个动作） 感官动词后面接形容词而不是副词： The cake tastes good; It feels comfortable.使役动词 have bid make let 等词后不定式要省略但同 1)一样被动以后要还原 to I ‘d like to have John do it. I have my package weighed.Paul doesn’t have to ...