摘 要现实主义的绘画在艺术发展史上一直都是一个独特的存在，在欧洲绘画艺术中现实主义不断的发展。从有记载的洞窟绘画作品中就有着现实主义，在 16 世纪欧洲文艺复兴之后，以人为本的思想开始盛行，绘画不再只局限于希腊神话故事或者宗教题材绘画，一直到 19 世纪现实主义真正的确定了地位。现实主义拓宽了绘画的题材与内容，使绘画更加的贴近我们的现实生活。米勒（法国，Jean-Francois Millet，1814-1875）作为现实主义的代表人物，他的作品充满了浓厚的生活气息。后印象派的画家梵高（荷兰，Vincent Willem van Gogh，1853-1890）在绘画的初期，他的作品也充满了现实主义色彩。并且在他们的影响之后，现实主义也得到了更好的发展。关键词：现实主义；绘画；米勒；梵高AbstractRealism has always been a unique existence in the history of art development, and realism is constantly developing in European painting. There is Realism in recorded cave paintings, and after the Renaissance of Europe in the 16th century, the idea of putting people first began to prevail, and painting was no longer confined to Greek mythology or religious subjects, it wasn't until the 19th that Realism really took hold. Realism has broadened the subject matter and content of painting, making painting more close to people real life. As a representative of realism, Jean-Francois Millet's works are full of life atmosphere. Post impressionist painter Vincent Willem van Gogh painted early in his career, his work is also full of realism. And after their influence, Realism also got a better development.Key words： Western Art;Realism;Millet;van Gogh目 录引 言....................................................................................................................1一、 现实主义的定义和背景...............................................................................2(一) 现实主义的定义....................................................................................2(二) 现实主义的背景.............
