翻译方法总结

一．直译法(Literal translation）直译法不是一字对一字的翻译，而是根据字面翻译，不做太多的引申和注释.直译法一般可以保留原文的文化特色。（1）General Motors and Chrysler were working feverishly to bring out their subcompacts。 But the head of the Ford Motor Company had stuck his head in the sand. 通用汽车公司和莱克斯勒公司正全力以赴推出他们的超小汽车,而福特公司的老板却把头埋在沙里 . （2）—A traitor to our glorious cause —The pot ’ s calling the kettle black 好啊，你出卖了我们的光荣事业 得了，你这话岂不是盆叫嚷罐黑二．意译法 (Free translation)牺牲原文的某些文化特色,结合上下文进行意译，以保持原文内容的完整性（1）She was driving into such a corner that she was obliged to give up all projects with Cupid had any share她被逼的走投无路了，不得不放弃一切和恋爱婚姻有关的打算（2）but it is as dark as Egypt outdoors .We might go tomorrow if there is a moon 只是外面漆黑黑的.明个要是有月亮，明个去也成三．借用法 （Borrowing method）用异语文化代替源语文化。这种方法针对文化共性，在源出语和目的语存在内容和形式相似时,或者形式不尽相同但表达意义非常接近时使用（1）Why， I have got gooseflesh this minute， just thinking about it。这会儿，我一想到这点二就浑身起鸡皮疙瘩（2）The American ambassador may have a card up his sleeve 美国大使也许胸有成竹四．分译法 （Spitting method）-根据行文要求，讲一句译为几句.The year 1983 began – and ended –with an unusual oil crisis: fears that the price of crude oil would not go up but down.1983 年新年伊始，就存在着一种异乎寻常的石油危机：人们担心原油价格下降，而不是上扬。这一年结束的时候 , 情况依旧如故。 —将一词分译成不同的表达方式I respect them; they are good citizens ， good husbands and good fathers 。 我尊重他们：他们是守法的公民，尽职的丈夫 , 慈爱的父亲。 五．合译法 （Combined translation）主要是根据文章紧凑，简练的原则,将两句或数句合并成一句This novel is of no great literary merit。 It...