环境科学与工程-典型污染源PM2.5源谱特征及区域排放贡献研究论文

摘 要以西南地区某市为研究区域，对化石燃料固定燃烧源、工艺过程源、移动源、生物质燃烧源、扬尘源、农业源、其他排放源等七大一类源进行调查，得到各行业排放源PM2.5的排放量，并建立典型行业颗粒物 PM2.5源谱。工艺过程源为此市大气环境 PM2.5主要来源。其中钢铁行业烧结工艺中 S 的质量分数 ω（S）含量最高，为 50.3%，初炼工序中 Fe 为主要元素；水溶性离子的占比为5.0%~12.6%，其中 Na+、SO42-、NO2-、NH4+ 占比较高；OC+EC 的总占比范围为15.4%~61.0%。餐饮行业的元素组分 Ca、Al、Mg 在元素组分中占比最高；水溶性离子组分 NH4+较高。玻璃行业 Ca 为主要组分；SO42-排放占比明显较高，为 15.55%。移动源元素组分中 Na，Fe 占比最高； NO2-、Na+占比相对较高。扬尘源中，工地扬尘颗粒物无机金属元素中主要组分按占比大小依次为 Ca、Fe、Al、Mg、K；水溶性离子组分中 Ca2+质量分数最高；OC 在 PM2.5中占比为 3.977%。垃圾焚烧源谱中 Si 占比最高，为 3.6%；水溶性离子中 NH4+和 Cl-含量最高；OC 、EC 浓度方面，OC 浓度是为 45.7µg /m3，EC 浓度是为 14.7µg /m3，OC/EC 为 4.7，OC 占 PM2.5 的绝大多数，达 64.28%。关键词：PM2.5；组分；源谱AbstractTaking a city in southwest China as the research area, seven categories of sources, including fixed combustion sources of fossil fuels, technological process sources, mobile sources, biomass combustion sources, dust sources, agricultural sources and other emission sources, were investigated to obtain PM2.5 emissions from emission sources of various industries and establish the composition spectrum of PM2.5 particles in typical industries.Process source is the main source of PM2.5 in the city's atmospheric environment. Among them, the quality fraction of S in the sintering process of iron and steel industry is the highest, which is 50.3%. Fe is the main element in the primary smelting process. The proportion of water-soluble ions was 5.0%~12.6%, in which Na+, SO42-, NO2- and NH4+ accounted for a higher proportion. The total propor...