100米起跑技术对大学生运动员的影响摘要:百米短跑作为田径运动的核心项目之一，百米起跑的基本任务就是使人体快速脱离静止状态，它的充分发挥是为起跑后的加速跑创造优势条件。起跑后的加速跑是为了能够完全利用起跑时所获得的初速度，经过持续加速跑，使得人体的奔跑速度尽可能快的接近或达到白己的最高跑速。因此，百米的起跑和加速跑技术对百米最终成绩的影响是不容忽视的。本研究通过对大学生百米运动员的起跑和起跑后的加速跑技术进行运动学分析，运用生物力学等知识，不断探究大学生运动员的技术现状以及专项技术特征；结合优秀运动员的相关参数与之比较，得出一般特征，为往后的教学和训练在一定程度上提供相关参考。关键词：百米短跑；起跑技术；大学生运动员TheInfluenceof100MetersStartingTechniqueonCollegeAthletesAbstract:Onehundredmetersofsprintisoneofthecoreprojectsoftrackandfield.Thebasictaskofstartingat100metersistomakethehumanbodyquicklygetoutofthestaticstate.Itsfullplayistocreatesuperiorconditionsfortheacceleratedrunningafterthestart.Theaccelerationrunafterthestartistofullyutilizetheinitialspeedobtainedduringthestart.Aftercontinuousacceleration,therunningspeedofthehumanbodyisapproachedasfastaspossibleorreachesthemaximumrunningspeedofBaiJi.Therefore,theimpactof100metersofstartingandacceleratingrunningtechnologyonthefinalscoreof100meterscannotbeignored.Thisstudyconductskinematicsanalysisonthestartingandrunningspeedofcollegestudents'100-meterathletes,andusesbiomechanicsandotherknowledgetocontinuouslyexplorethetechnicalstatusandspecialtechnicalcharacteristicsofcollegeathletes;combinedwiththerelevantparametersofeliteathletes,Thegeneralcharacteristicsarederived,andrelevantreferencesareprovidedtosomeextentforfutureteachingandtraining.Keywords:100-metersprint;startingtechnique;collegeathletes目录1绪论.....................................................................................................................41.1研究背景及意义......................................................................................41.1.1研究背景.......................................................................................41.1.2研究意义.......................................................................................51.2国内外研究现状......................................................................................51.2.1国外研究现状...............................................................................51.2.2国内研究现状...............................................................................62研究对象与方法.................................................................................................92.1研究对象..................................................................................................92.2研究方法..................................................................................................93结果与分析.........................................................................................................93.1起跑阶段身体姿势相关分析..................................................................93.1.1预备姿势下前后腿的膝、髋关节角度分析.............................103.1.2预备阶段两肩的投影点与起跑线的距离.................................113.2起跑后加速阶段的分析........................................................................123.2.1上臂肘关节角在前四步后蹬离地瞬间的角度.........................123.3起跑后加速跑前四步分析...............................................
