谓语动词在句中可单独作谓语,而非谓语动词不能单独作谓语。Tom teaches us English.汤姆教我们英语。(teaches 动词作谓语)Mr. Gavin came to our classroom to have a talk with us last week.加文先生上周来到了我们教室和我们谈话。 (to have a talk.... 不定式作状语)谓语动词受主语的人称和数的限制,而非谓语动词形式没有这种限制。Mary likes the pop music.玛丽喜欢流行音乐。 (动词用单数第三人称形式)Mary has nothing to do today.玛丽今天没什么事要做。(do 用原形)谓语与非谓语的形式不同,谓语主要体现十六种基本时态(含被动),而非谓只有三种固定形式(被动和完成)to do , doing , done如 He finished reading the novels .他看完了这些小说。(finished 是谓语动词,时态是一般过去时,reading 非谓语动词中的 doing 形式)非谓语动词的特征i. 如果非谓语动词是及物动词,后面需跟宾语。Studying English is my favorite.学习英语是我的爱好。(studying 后跟宾语)To help him is my duty.帮助他是我的责任。(help 后跟宾语)ii. 非谓语动词可以带有自己的状语或逻辑主语。Working under such a condition is terrible.在这样的环境下工作太可怕了。(under such a condition 是 working 的状语)It's too difficult for him to master English in such a short time.他在这么短的时间内掌握英语太难了。(for him 作不定式的逻辑主语)iii. 非谓语动词仍有语态的变化。Seen from the mountain, the city looks much more beautiful.从山上看,这座城市美丽多了。(Seen from...是分词的被动形式)iv. 非谓语动词在句中可以当成名词或者形容词来使用。Our coming made him happy.我们的到来使他很高兴。(coming 起名词作用)There are two big swimming pools here.这儿有两个大型游泳池。(swimming 起形容词作用)即时练习 1.There ______ no bus, we had to walk home.There ______ no bus and we had to walk home.A. was B. being C. be D. to be 答案:BA解题方法:先看选项, AC 是谓语 BD 是非谓语第二个题目是并列句,所以前后是两个句子,and 之前的句子缺的就是谓语动词, 又由 had 决定了是过去时, 所以用 was 第一道题目,前后两部分之间用逗号分开, 所以不是并列句, 所以前一部分是后一部分的状语,也就不是句子, 所以选非谓语,用being2.The girl ______ in a red coat is Mary.The girl is ______ Mary now.解题方法:先看题目,第一道题目中有一个动词 is ,所以缺少的是非谓语动词,应该从 ABD 中选 过去分词词 be dressed in ,所以选用 dressed .第二道题目缺少谓语动词,前面有 is 算 be 应该选 dressing 构成进行时(谓语动词)A. dressed B. dressing C. dress D. to dress 答案:AB