高三英语复习之写作学案（六）基本句型五主语+及物动词+宾+宾补Step 1 简述本句型中的动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟宾语还不能表达完整的意思,必须加上一个补充成分，如形容词、名词、副词(仅限少数几个)、动词不定式、分词来补充说明宾语,才能表达一个完整的意思。宾语和宾语补足语在意义有一种逻辑上的主谓关系,即宾语与宾语补足语在“意义上”是一种主谓关系。Step2 例句We elected Li Yang our monitor. 我们选李阳做我们的班长。(Li yang is our monitor)The news made us sad. 这新闻使我伤心。(We were sad)Step3 归纳根据宾补的不同可分为以下几种情况：1. 主语+及物动词+宾语+名词。如：President appointed John manager of Marketing. 总裁任命约翰为营销部经理常用于此句型的动词有：call, name, make, elect, appoint, nominate (提名), crown, think, consider, leave 等。2. 主语+及物动词+宾语+形容词。如：The news made me happy. 那消息使我很高兴。常用于此句型的动词有：make, paint, dye, get (ready), cut (short), set (free), keep, drive (mad), find, want, hold (responsible), wish, like, see, imagine, turn, beat (black and blue), boil (hard), suppose, prove, think, believe, consider, leave 等。3. 主语+及物动词+宾语+介词短语。如：I found myself in dark. 我发现自己还蒙在鼓里。4. 主语+及物动词+宾语+不定式。如：He encouraged her to work harder. 他鼓励他努力工作。要求用 to do 作宾补的动词有: advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, choose, encourage, expect, force, get, invite, order, permit, persuade, request, tell, want, warn, wish 等。He always has others wait for him. 他总是要别人等他。要求用 do 作宾补的动词有: 使役动词 let, make, have 等; 感官动词 observe, feel, hear, listen to, look at, notice, see, watch 等。【注意】若变为被动语态, 其后的宾语补足语就成为主语补足语了, 此时作主语补足语的不定式要带 to。如：用心 爱心 专心1The boss made him work overtime.(主动语态)He was made to work overtime.(被动语态)老板叫他加班。5. 主语+及物动词+宾语+分词。如：Don’t leave the water ...
