江苏省栟茶高级中学 2013 年高考考前赢分 30 天核心知识英语中的种种省略现象在英语语言中,为了使语言简洁明了、重点突出或上下文紧密相连,可以省去某些句子成分而保持句子意思不变,这种语言现象称为省略(ellipsis)。英语中常见的省略情形如下:一、简单句中的省略二、动词不定式省略,只保留 to 的场合1.不定式作某些动词的宾语时,这些动词常见的有: love, like, care, wish, hope, expect, prefer, refuse, mean, try, oblige, advise, persuade, agree, want, afford, forget, remember, try, manage 等。2.不定式作动词 ask, tell, advise, force, persuade, wish, allow, permit, forbid, expect, order, warn 等的宾语补足语或主语补足语时。3.不定式在句中作形容词 happy, glad, eager, anxious, willing, ready 等的状语时。4.不定式作某些复合谓语时,常见结构如:be able to, be going to, have to, ought to, used to等。如:He doesn’t like fish, but he used to.三、动词不定式 to 省略的情形1.主语部分有 to do,系动词 is 或 was 时,作表语的不定式通常省去 to, 如:The only thing you have to do is press the button. 2.作介词 but,expect,besides 的宾语,前面又有实意动词 do 时,不定式通常省去 to. 3.主语部分暗含 to do,表语中的不定式通常省去 to。如:All I want(to do)is go to school and study hard.4.当两个或多个不定式并列时,其后的不定式符号可以省略,但有对比关系时不可省略.5.在 would rather…than… 等结构中,不定式符号常常要省略。6.在 see, watch, notice, hear, listen to, look at, feel, have, make, let, observe 等词后作宾语补足语时省略不定式符号 to。 五、主从复合句中的省略1.并列复合句中的省略:在并列句中后边的分句可以省略与前边分句中相同的成分。如:Tom must have been playing basketball and Mary(must have been)doing her homework. 2.状语从句中的省略:状语从句在省略时,应遵循以下原则:(1)当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时,可以省略状语从句的主语和系动词 be,这时从句中可出现如下结构:①连词(as,as if,once)+ 名词。②连词(though, whether, when)+形容词。③连词(whether,as...