摘 要蛹虫草又称为北虫草，或北冬虫夏草，属真菌类子囊菌物质，其子实体具有很高的药用价值和营养价值，至今对蛹虫草子实体中的虫草素，虫草酸，虫草多糖，SOD 等生物活性成分的讨论项目比较多，但对蛹虫草子实体中天然色素的讨论甚少。本实验以蛹虫草子实体为原材料，以天然色素的提取率为考察指标，比较了酸热法，研磨法，超声波提取法和微波提取法对蛹虫草子实体中天然色素的提取效果，并利用紫外-可见分光光度法测定其含量。实验结果表明，酸热法对蛹虫草子实体中天然色素的提取效果最佳，其次是研磨法，最后是超声波提取法和微波提取法。采纳响应面分析法对影响有效成份提取的工艺条件进行了优化，最终确定蛹虫草子实体提取天然色素的最佳工艺条件为：盐酸浓度 0.05mol/L，盐酸用量 10.5mL，热处理时间 5min。在此最优工艺条件下，天然色素的提取率为 2747.71μg/g。同时讨论了光照和温度对蛹虫草子实体中天然色素稳定性的影响，结果表明，日光对天然色素有明显的破坏作用，温度升高对天然色素有一定的破坏作用。关键词：蛹虫草子实体；天然色素；酸热法；响应面优化Abstract Cordyceps Militaris, also known as Cordyceps,or North Cordyceps are fungus ascomycetes substances. he fruiting body has high medicinal value and nutritional value.Now,there are more and more research projects about cordycepin in Cordyceps militaris, Cordyceps acid, Cordyceps polysaccharide,SOD and other bio-active ingredients , but the Cordyceps militaris natural pigment are less than them. In the experiments, Cordyceps militaris are the raw materials,and we regard the rate of the natural pigment extraction as the indexes, compared the extractions of Cordyceps militaris natural pigment by acid calorimetry, grinding method, ultrasonic extraction and microwave extraction .Then we use ultraviolet- visible spectrophotometry to determine its content. Experimental results show that the acid-heat method of Cordyceps militaris natural pigment is the best way in the optimum extraction methods, followed by grinding method, and finally ultrasonic...
