企业技术创新采纳的国外研究评述

企业技术创新采纳的国外讨论评述 摘 要: 国外对企业技术创新采纳的讨论取得了一定进展,主要表现在从技术创新采纳 的动因角度对企业技术创新采纳内涵和性质作了初步界定,同时还通过不同领域专家的实证 讨论说明了具体产业内企业采纳的特征,特别是从企业、社会、市场、技术间互动的视角分 层探讨了影响企业技术创新采纳速度、时机、方式、内容等方面的因素。描述了企业技术创 新采纳过程中的选择决策阶段特征,并指出在企业创新采纳过程中既可能存在根据时间序列 依次发生的线性有序特征,也可能存在更复杂的交叠和无序状态。 关 键 词:技术创新采纳;精神采纳;决策过程 Abstract: Progress is being made in the study on the adoption of technological innovationsin foreign countries. In those studies the connotation and nature of the adopti on of technological innovations by enterprises were defined preliminarily from adynamic perspective. And the characteristics of such an adoption in different i ndustries were discussed with experts‘ empirical studies, especially the influen cing factors on the speed, time, type and actuality of enterprises‘ adoption oftechnological innovations were explored from the angle of an interaction betweenenterprises, society, market and technology. The earlier works also described h ow the enterprises select/make decisions in adoption process, and pointed out th e possibility of either the sequentially linear and orderly adoption or the comp licated and disordered adoption. Key words:adoption of technological innovations; spiritual adoption; decision-making proc ess 自 20 世纪六七十年代起,国外关于企业技术创新采纳的讨论活动就活跃在一系列相互独立的 领域里并同时进行着实证讨论,直到 20 世纪 90 年代末,对于技术创新采纳主体的讨论才从社 会层面、消费者层面逐渐转移到单个企业。技术创新—采纳—再创新—再采纳,是技术 创新成果在不同个体间或原有创新者在原有技术基础上进行转移和利用的客观规律,也是技 术进展的必定趋势。实践证明,技术进展比较滞后的企业,通过技术...