1000m3球罐的焊接结构和工艺设计

摘 要本次设计以《GB12337-2025 钢制球形储罐》和《GB150-2025 钢制压力容器》为设计依据，综合国内外现有的制造技术设计了 3000m3液氨储罐。在以安全为原则的基础上综合考虑产品质量、施工建造可行性、国内现有的建造技术等方面的因素，设计出公称直径为 18000mm、壁厚为 44mm 的大型球罐。本设计在选材方面考虑了多种材料的特性，最后确定 Q345R 为本球罐的材料。同样，本设计在球罐选型及支撑方式的选择上也应用多种形式作比较最终确定混合式结构、可调式拉杆支撑最合理。最后进行强度及稳定性校核，校核结果显示本设计的结构既安全又经济。本文通过对球罐的材质的焊接性分析，确定焊接材料和焊接方法。根据每条焊缝有不同的特点，制定了各条焊缝的具体焊接顺序和坡口形式，并选择了焊接工艺参数。球罐组装、焊接之后，需要进行焊后处理，包括无损检测，焊后热处理，以及耐压试验等，本文也都进行了简要的分析和说明，并介绍了相应的处理方法和注意事项。关键词：球罐；安全；经济；焊接AbstractThe design Of 3000m3 liquid ammonia spherical tank is basis on both the GB12337-2025 《 steel spherical tanks 》 and GB150-2025 《 design of steel pressure vessel 》 , considering the existing manufacturing technology of tanks both at home and abroad. In the principles of safety ， consideration of product quality and construction feasibility, the existing building technology and other factors, at last the spherical tank is designed for nominal diameter 18000mm、 wall thickness 44mm. The selection of materials in this design is in consideration, compared with some different properties of materials，finally the Q345R has be choosen.Also, the design and selection of the spherical support is in consideration，finally hybrid strucure and adjustable tension support seems to be the most reasonable. Finally the strength and stability test, the result shows this design of structure is safe and economic.Based on the spherical tank welding materials analysis to determine the welding materials and w...