专题限时集训(八)主旨大意之确定文章标题A(2020·衡水市第一次联考)Theworld'sfirsthydrogenpoweredtrainshavebegunrunninginGermany.TheybegancarryingpassengersMondayinGermany'snorthernLowerSaxony.Thenewtrainwillrun100kilometertripsandcantravelupto140kilometersanhour.AFrenchrailroadcompanycalledAlstombuiltthetwotrains.TeamsinGermanyandFrancecooperatedontheproject，whichwassupportedbytheGermangovernment.Thenewtrainmodel，calledtheCoradiaiLint，signalsthebeginningofeffortsinGermanyandothernationstomoveawayfrompollutionproducingdiesel(柴油)trains.TheCoradiaiLintisdesignedtorunonnonelectrifiedtrainlineswithlowlevelsofnoise.Itusesaprocessthatcombineshydrogenandoxygentoproduceelectricalpower.Ifthesystemproducesmoreenergythanthetrainneedsatthattime，itcanstoretheextraenergyinbatteries.Theonlyemissions(排放物)arewaterandsteam.AsingletankofhydrogencanrunaCoradiaiLinttrainforabout1，000kilometers.Thisisverysimilartothedistanceadieselpoweredtraincanrunonasingletankofdiesel.Hydrogenpoweredtrainscostmorethandieseltrainstobuild，butAlstomofficialssaytheoperatingcostsaremuchlower.Thecompanyplanstoprovideanother14CoradiaiLinttrainstoLowerSaxonyby2021.Theheadofrailroadoperationsinthearea，CarmenSchwab，praisedreplacingdieseltrainswithhydrogentrains.Shesaidthemovewasanimportantfirststepinusingcleanburningtechnologiestoreachclimateprotectiongoals.Officialssaymanyofthearea'swindturbines(涡轮机)willproducepartoftheenergytocreatethehydrogentopowerthetrains.AlstomsaysseveralotherEuropeancountrieshavealsoexpressedinterestindevelopinghydrogentrainsystems.Francehasalreadysaiditwantsitsfirsthydrogentraintobeoperatingby2022.【语篇解读】本文是一篇科普类说明文。介绍了一种新型的氢动力火车。1．WhydidGermanybuildthenewtrains?A．Toreplacedieseltrains.B．Tocarrymorepassengers.C．Tomaketravelingmucheasier.D．TodevelopfriendshipwithFrance.A[考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Thenewtrainmodel，calledtheCoradiaiLint，signalsthebeginningofeffortsinGermanyandothernationstomoveawayfrompollutionproducingdiesel(柴油)trains”可知，建造新型火车的目的是取代产生污染的内燃机车。]2．WhatisoneadvantageoftheCoradiaiLint?A．Itrunswithoutmakinganynoise.B．Itdoesn'tuseelectricalpower.C．Itcostsmuchlesstorun.D．Itischeapertomakeit.C[考查细节理解。根据第六段中的“theoperatingcostsaremuchlower”可知，氢动力火车的运行成本比较低。]3．Itcanbeconcludedthathydrogentrains．A．arewidelyusedB．areenvironmentallyfriendlyC．canstopairpollutionD．canproducewaterandoxygenB[考查推理判断。纵观全文可知，新的氢动力火车具有低噪音的特点，且其唯一的排放物是水和蒸汽，所以它是环保的。]4．Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A．SavingNaturalResourcesB．EffortstoReduceEmissionsC．TheWorld'sFirstHydrogenTrainsD．ANewWaytoMakeElectricityC[考查标题归纳。本文的主要信息是介绍世界上第一批氢动力火车的研制原理、其在环保方面的优势以及这种火车的发展趋势。]BPeoplehavedifferentwaysofdealingwithacommoncold.Sometakeoverthe-countermedicinessuchasaspirinwhileotherstrypopularhomeremedies(治疗)likeherbalteaorchickensoup.Yethereisthetoughtruthaboutthecommoncold：nothingreallycuresit.Sowhydopeoplesometimesbelievethattheirremedieswork？AccordingtoJamesTaylor，professorattheUniversityofWashington，coldsusuallygoawayontheirowninaboutaweek，improvingalittleeachdayaftersymptomspeak，soit'seasytobelieveit'smedicineratherthantimethatdeservesthecredit，USATodayreported.Itstillseemshardtobelie...
