虚拟语气知识框架1.含有条件状语从句的复合句三大版块2.宾语从句(1)wish+宾语从句虚(2)suggest+宾语从句拟3.其它从句语用过去式表现在情况气1.时态后退型用过去完成式表过去两种形式用过去将来表将来2.should+动词原形型内容详述I.含有条件状语从句的复合句(以do为例;S=主语)时间条件状语从句主句与现在事实相反的假设If+S+did…S+would/should/could/might+do…与过去事实相反的假设If+S+haddone…S+would/should/could/might+havedone…与将来事实相反的假设did…If+SshoulddoneweretodoS+would/should/could/might+do…注意事项:1.倒装句。如果条件句中含有功能词had,should,were时,可以省去If,把功能词提前,构成倒装句。2.混合时间。若条件句和主句动作不存在同一个时间,则谓语形式应根据具体情况而定。3.Ifthereweren't/hadnotbeen+…=without…4.Ifitwerenotfor…/Ifithadn'tbeenfor…=butfor…5.otherwise+虚拟语气的句子6.虚拟语气的句子,but+陈述事实的句子II.宾语从句sb.did…(希望现在用过去式)1.wish+thatsb.haddone…(希望过去用过去完成式)sb.would/soulddo(希望将来用过去将来)2.suggest+(that)S+should+do…表示愿望、建议、请求等主观意向的动词之后的宾语从句,谓语用should+动词原形,should常常省略。这类词有:decide,demand,desire,insist,order,propose,suggest,recommend,requested,require等。1注意:1.suggest当“建议”讲时,其宾语从句用虚拟语气;当“表明”时,用陈述语气2.insist当坚持“看法或建议”时,宾语从句用虚拟语气;当坚持“某个事实”时,用陈述语气3.所有和以上动词相关的从句均应该用虚拟语气(1)在Itis+过去分词+thatS+(should)+do…这类过去分词有:decided,demanded,desired,insisted,ordered,proposed,suggested,recommended,requested,required等。eg.Itisdesiredthatwe(should)geteverythingreadythisevening.(2)在Itis+名词+thatS+(should)+do…这类名词有:advice,decision,desire,demand,idea,motion,order,pity,preference,proposal,recommendation,requirement,resolution,shame,suggestion,surprise,wish,wonder等。eg.Itismyproposalthathe(should)besenttostudyfurtherabroad.(3)虚拟语气用在同位语从句中。某些表示建议、请求、命令等主观意向的名词后同位语从句需用虚拟语气,其表达形式为(should)+动词原形。这类名词常见的有:advice,suggestion,proposal,order,demand,desire,request,requirement,recommendation以及plan,idea,resolution等。eg.Weareallforyourproposalthatthediscussion(should)beputoff.(4)虚拟语气用在表语从句中。某些表示建议、请求、命令等主观意向的名词作主语时,表语从句需用虚拟语气,其表达形式为(should)+动词原形。这类名词常见的有(同3中的名词):advice,suggestion,proposal,order,demand,desire,request,requirement,recommendation以及plan,idea,resolution等。eg.Mysuggestionisthatthemayor(should)presenttheprizes.III.其它从句(1)Itis(about/high)time+thatsb.didsth/shoulddosth..eg.Don'tyouthinkit'sabouttimewewenthome?注:在thisisthefirsttime/secondtimethat...句型中,从句中谓语动词用陈述语气完成时态。eg.IsthisthefirsttimethatyouhavevisitedHongkong?(2)asif(asthough)引导的方式状语从句中。在asif(asthough)引导的方式状语从句中,常用虚拟语气,其动词形式与wish后接宾语从句中的形式相同。eg.AlantalkedaboutRomeasifhewereaRoman.(3)虚拟语气用在lest,forfearthat及incase引导的目的状语从句中。在由lest等引导的目的状语从句中需用虚拟语气,表示“以防,以免”等意思,其谓语动词多由should+动词原形构成,should也可省略。eg.Hewaspunishedlestheshouldmakethesamemistakeagain.2(4)虚拟语气在表示客气、遗憾以及祝愿等场合中,使用虚拟语气。eg.Youshouldn'thavebeenfollowinghimsoclosely;youshouldhavekeptyourdistance.(5)...