目录第—节X线摄影技术操作规程............................................................-2-一、上肢X线摄影.............................................................................-2-二、下肢X线摄影.............................................................................-3-三、颅骨X线摄影.............................................................................-6-四、颞骨部X线摄影.........................................................................-8-五、鼻旁窦x线摄影.......................................................................-11-六、胸部X线摄影...........................................................................-12-七、脊柱X线摄影...........................................................................-15-八、骨盆X线摄影...........................................................................-20-九、腹部X线摄影...........................................................................-21-第二节造影检查操作规程................................................................-23-一、支气管造影检查.......................................................................-23-二、下肢静脉造影检查操作规程...................................................-23-三、胆道造影检查操作规程...........................................................-24-四、逆行胆道造影操作规程...........................................................-25-五、静脉肾盂造影检查操作规程...................................................-25-六、静脉滴注尿路造影检查操作规程...........................................-26-七、大剂量静脉尿路造影...............................................................-26-八、泌尿系统逆行造影检查操作规程...........................................-27-九、逆行输尿管肾盂造影...............................................................-27-十、肾穿刺尿路造影.......................................................................-28-十一、膀胱造影...............................................................................-29-十二、尿道造影...............................................................................-29-十三、食管造影检查操作规程.......................................................-29-十四、胃肠双对比造影操作规程...................................................-30-十五、钡灌肠造影操作规程(气钡双对比)...................................-31-十六、小肠造影...............................................................................-31-十七、碘造影剂反应及处理...........................................................-32-第—节X线摄影技术操作规程一、上肢X线摄影(一)肘关节——前后正位【操作方法及程序】1．病人面向摄影台一端就坐，前臂伸直，掌心向上。2．尺骨鹰嘴突置于暗盒中心并紧贴暗盒。肩部应略向被检侧外旋，且肩部下移，尽量接近肘部高度。3．摄影距离为90-100cm。4．中心线经肘关节(肘横纹中点)垂直射人暗盒。【注意事项】1．照片影像应包括肱骨下段和尺骨、桡骨上段。2．为防止病人移动，可考虑用沙袋固定手掌。3．肘关节正、侧位在同一片中分格摄影时，远、近端方向保持一致，且关节间隙处于同一水平。【评价标准】1．关节间隙呈“一”字样阴影，肱挠关节面无骨性重选；2．肱尺关节面有尺骨鹰咀重迭但关节间隙仍清晰；3．挠骨粗隆少许与尺骨重选，尺挠关节间隙界限不清晰；4．肱骨纵轴线与尺骨纵轴线在外方构成165°-170°(女多为165°，男多为170°)。【质控要点】1．前臂伸直掌心向上，上臂与前臂在同一平面放置；2．中心线垂直肱骨内、外上髁。(二)肘关节——侧位【操作方法及程序...
