中文摘要临终关怀是人类最崇高的“晚霞工程”，它是人类物质文明与精神文明发展到一定阶段的产物，是人类主体意识觉醒、主体地位凸显的重要表现。一般情况下，临终关怀多出现于医学的临床活动中，范围比较小，但是这种行为可以有效地改善人们对于死亡的理解，具有很大的现实意义，可以让临终者带着尊严安然离开人世。本文以生命哲学为根本立场，对道家生死观的临终关怀价值进行全面、系统地研究。通过对道家生死观的研究，本文认为只有领悟了生死意义，从根本上接纳了死，通过不断提升自我价值来拓宽自己生命的广度，才能实现人内在生命的自觉和安顿。本文主要分为五章。第一章，介绍了选题背景及意义，国内外文献综述，研究内容与方法；第二章，临终关怀概述，从临终关怀的概念和特征出发，结合中国临终关怀发展的现状，探讨了中国临终关怀的必要性。第三章，介绍了道家生死观的主要内容：重身贵生、道法自然、生死齐一、不必恶死的思想，为第四章道家生死观所蕴含的临终关怀价值做铺垫。第四章，通过对道家临终生死观的研究，结合当下人们面对死亡问题所存在的问题，分析了道家生死观所蕴含的临终关怀价值，启示人们应该重视生命质量，追求生命的价值，理性认识死亡，坦然接受死亡；第五章，从对临终者进行舒缓治疗、提高临终者的生命质量和让临终者认识到死亡的尊严出发，提出了实现道家生死观临终关怀价值的具体措施：实施舒缓治疗、进行死亡教育和维护临终者尊严。关键词：道家；老子；庄子；生死观；临终关怀IAbstractHospicecareisthenoblestof"Sunsetproject".Itistheproductthatthehumanmaterialandspiritualcivilizationdevelopscertainlevel.Itisanotablefeatureofanawakeningofthehumansubjectiveconsciousness.Thehuman’smainbodypositionishighlighted.Intheordinarycourseofevents,thehospiceismostlyfoundfromclinicalpracticeinmedicineandhaslimitedrangeofapplication.Butthisbehaviorhasgreatpracticalsignificance,becauseitcanimprovepeople’sunderstandingofdeath,andletthedyingpeoplepassawayatpeacewithdignity.ThispapergivesacomprehensiveandsystematicoverviewaboutthevalueofhospicecarewhichencodedinTaoistviewoflife-death,standingonthefundamentalstandpointoflifephilosophy.BystudyingTaoistviewoflife-death,thispaperreachestheconclusionthatonlybyunderstandingthemeaningoflifeanddeath,acceptingdeathfundamentally,broadeningthebreadthoflifebyenhancingself-worthcontinually,canweachievetheconsciousnessandpeacefulofourinnerlife.Thispaperisdividedintofivechapters.Thefirstchapterintroducesthebackgroundandsignificance,literaturereview,researchcontentsandmethods;thesecondchapterisanoverviewofhospicecare,itdiscussedthenecessityofChinahospicecarefromtheviewofconceptsandfeaturesabouthospicecare,andcombinedwiththedevelopmentstatusofChinahospicecare.ThethirdchapterintroducesthemaincontentsoftheTaoistViewofLife-Death:cherishbothbodyandlife,imitationofnature,homogeneityoflifeanddeath，nofearofdeath,thesethoughtsdoforeshadowingforfollowingchapterfour:thevalueofhospicecarewhichencodedinTaoistviewoflife-death;thefourthchapter,itanalyzedthevalueofhospicecarewhichencodedinTaoistviewoflife-death,byresearchingtheTaoistviewoflife-deathandrelatingtothecurrentproblemthatcomesfrompeoplewhentheyfacedeath.Thesegivesussomekindofenlightenmentthatpeopleshouldpayattentiontothequalityoflife,pursuethevalueoflife,knowthedeathrationally,acceptdeathcalmly;thefifthchapter,ittalkedaboutsoothingtreatmenttoterminalstagepatients,improvingtheirlife’squalityandletterminalstagepatientsrecognizeIIthedignityofthedeath,thispaperputforwardspecificmeasuresthatcanrealizethevalueofhospicecarewhichencodedinTaoistviewoflife-death:implementingthesoothingtrea...
