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第1页共29页编号：时间：2021年x月x日书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟页码：第1页共29页物流国际术语（英文版）TheLanguageofLogisticsASupplyChainandLogisticsGlossaryCopyright1997byEdwardH.BlicksteinDuplicatingforsharingwithothers，byanymeans，isillegal.PrintedinUSAYear2000IssuePurposeWrittenandcompiledforthebenefitoflogisticsandtransportationprofessionals，studentsofthefield，andforclientsofTranSolutionsConsulting.Itishopedthatthistoolwillenabletheusertogainabetterunderstandingoflogisticsbyprovidingausefulandeasy-to-understandglossarythatwillbeup-datedannually.TheauthorandTranSolutionsConsultingacknowledgeimportantcontributionsfrommanyofitsclient'slogisticsandtransportationpersonnelaswellasinformationderivedfromotherexpertsourcesinthecompilationofthisglossary.ThisissueofTheLanguageofLogisticsattemptstoincludethenewestterminologyandacronymsutilizedinthefieldofbusinesslogistics.Specialattentionhasbeenmadetocompiletermsandofferadviceinconnectionwithyear2000businessissues（nottheY2Kissue）likee-commerce.However，Imakenoclaimthatthisissueis100%completeasthechallengeofcompiling，researching，defining，andoccasionallycreatingmeaningfulterminologyisneverending.Writersinthefieldoflogisticsandsupply-chainmanagement，consultingfirms，industryprovidersof3PLservices，transportationcompanies，andshippersareconstantlycontributingtothedevelopmentofnewterminologythroughtheireffortstoimprovetheeffectivenessofsupply-chainmanagement.Consequently，thelanguageoflogisticsisalwaysexpandingduetotheevolvingnatureofthefield.Asyouusethistoolyouwillnotethatthereisanewemphasisontechnology，theInternet，ande-commerce.WhilemosteveryoneisawareofthecurrentconsumerorientationoftheInternetande-commerce，thegreatestgrowthoverthenextseveralyearswillbeintheuseoftheInternetinbusiness-to-business（B2B）applicationsnotinbusinesstoconsumer（B2C）。Theseapplications，forlogisticsandsupplychainimprovement，willrangefromprocurement，inventorymanagement，distribution，andtransportationtosales（includingorderentry）andcustomerservice.Asaresult，logisticsandsupplychainprofessionalswillcontinuetobeconstantlychallengedbythespeedofchangeandemphasisoncostreductionintheircompaniesaswellasinbusinessingeneral.Itishopedthatthispublicationwillassisttheseprofessionalsintheirworkbybeingagoodreferencesource.Studentsofsupplychainandlogisticsshouldcontinuetofindthis第2页共29页第1页共29页编号：时间：2021年x月x日书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟页码：第2页共29页publicationbeneficialaswell.In1999，universityandcollegestudentsworldwideaccountedforalmost50%ofdownloadsofthispublication.Also，infutureeditionsIwillattempttodoabetterjobat'internationalizing“thispublication.Lastbutnotleast，mostoftheobservationsandopinionsreflectedinthispublicationaretheresultofprojectworkperformedforourclientsoverthelastsixyears.ThisincludesourpartnershipworkwithMoore&Associates.Section1：SupplyChainManagementandLogisticsSupply-chainmanagementisoneofthehottesttopicsofdiscussiontodayamongstCEO'sandotherseniorofficersofbusinessesworldwide.Articlespermeatethebusinesspressandmanypublicationshavedesignateditasthelastfrontierforcreatingstrategiccompetitiveadvantage.Whyalltheinterest？Theansweristhatcompaniesworldwidearenowcognizantofthegreatpotentialforcostreductionandincreasedcustomerservicefromsuccessfulsupply-chainmanagement.Thepayoffpotentialcanresultfromreductionorel...