专题五定语从句定语从句的核心考点1.功能：相当于形容词，修饰名词或代词，在句中作定语。2.位置：定语从句置于被修饰词之后。Thosewhoarefortheplanraiseyourhands，please.3.先行词：被定语从句修饰的词称为先行词。先行词一般是名词和不定代词，如：some-，any-，every-和no-与-body，-thing的合成词；或all，none，any，some，that，those等代词。数词也可以作先行词，人称代词也同样可作先行词。4.关系词：连接先行词与从句的词叫关系词。关系代词：who，whom，which，that，whose，as等关系副词：when，where，why等5.确定关系词的步骤：(1)先找先行词，看先行词指的是什么。(2)看关系词在从句中所充当的成分。注意：先行词与关系词是等量关系。(1)先行词在从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的数由先行词而定。Thisistheplacewhichisworthvisiting.(2)关系词在从句句子中充当了成分，其意思就是先行词的意义，所以在从句中不能重复其意。Therearemanyplaceswecanvisit(them)inChina.6.在定语从句中，当先行词指物时，下列情况的关系词宜用that而不用which：(1)当先行词是序数词或形容词最高级或被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时。(2)先行词被all，every，no，some，any，little，much，theonly，thevery，few等修饰时。(3)先行词为all，much，little，none，few，something，anything等不定代词时。(4)先行词中既有人又有物时。Hewaslookingpleasantlyatthechildrenandparcelsthatfilledhisbus.(5)先行词在主句中作表语时。Thevillageisnolongertheonethatwas5yearsago.(6)当主句是以which开头的特殊疑问句时。Whicharethebooksthatyouboughtforme?7.宜用which而不用that的情况：(1)在非限制性定语从句中。(2)在关系词前有介词时。(3)当先行词本身是that时。(4)关系词后有插入语时。8.关系词who与that指人时，也有不同情况分别用不同的关系词。(1)当主句是therebe句型时，关系词用who。(2)先行词是anyone，those，someone，everyone，one等词时，关系词用who。(3)当主句是who作疑问词时，关系词用that。Whoisthatgirlthatisstandingbythewindow?(4)whom在从句中只作宾语，可被who取代。9.whose作关系词既指人又指物，在从句中作定语。DoyouknowMr.Smithwhosestoryisverymoving?Thereisaroom，whosewindowfacestheriver.10.关系代词as在从句中作主语、宾语和表语。(1)先行词被such和thesame修饰，或句型asmany(much)中，从句都用as引导。Suchbooksasyouboughtareuseful.Theschoolisjustthesameasitwas10yearsago.注意：①such...that...引导结果状语从句。如：Theyaresuchlovelychildrenthatwelovethemmuch。②thesame...that...引导定语从句。如：Iwanttousethesametoolthatyouusedjustnow.(2)先行词为句子的定语从句用as和which引导。区别：①意义上：as含有“这点正如……一样”。②位置上：as从句可置句首，也可在另处。Hedidn’tpasstheexam，aswehadexpected.Thereislotsofairinloosesnow，whichcankeepthecoldout.Asisknown，theearthisround.题组训练1用适当的关系代词填空1.Theprizewillgotothewriterwhosestoryshowsthemostimagination.2.TedcamefortheweekendwearingonlysomeshortsandaT-shirt，whichisastupidthingtodoinsuchweather.3.Ihavethreeforeignteachers，twoofwhomarefromCanada.4.Sheshowedthevisitorsaroundthemuseum，theconstructionofwhichhadtakenmorethanthreeyears.5.Thisistheonlywaythatwecanfindatpresent.6.ThehouseinwhichIusedtolivehasbecomeashoeshop.11.关系副词when与where，why，thatwhen指时间＝in/at/on/duringwhichwhere指地点＝in/at/fromwhichwhy指原因＝forwhichthat可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词之后，取代when，where，why和“介词＋which”引导的定语从句，修饰的先行词常为theway，thetime，theday，theplace等，在口语中that常被省略。Idon’tliketheway(that/inwhich)hetalks.Theday(that/when/onwhich)shearrivedwasThursday.题组训练2用适当的关系副词填空1.Betweenthetwopartsoftheconcertisaninterval，whenth...
